Editors
Walter Leal Filho
European School of Sustainability
Science and Research
HAW Hamburg
Hamburg, Germany
Amanda Lange Salvia
European School of Sustainability
Science and Research
HAW Hamburg
Hamburg, Germany
Rudi W. Pretorius
Department of Geography
University of South Africa
Johannesburg, South Africa
Luciana Londero Brandli
University of Passo Fundo
Passo Fundo, Brazil
Evangelos Manolas
Democritus University of Thrace
Komotini, Greece
Fatima Alves
Department of Social Sciences
and Management
Universidade Aberta
Porto, Portugal
Ulisses Azeiteiro
Universidade de Aveiro
Aveiro, Portugal
Judy Rogers
School of Architecture and Design
RMIT University
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Chris Shiel
Department of Life
and Environmental Science
Bournemouth University
Poole, UK
Arminda Do Paco
Department of Business and Economics,
Research Unit NECE
Universidade da Beira Interior
Covilha, Portugal
ISSN 2199-7373
ISSN 2199-7381 (electronic)
World Sustainability Series
ISBN 978-3-030-15603-9
ISBN 978-3-030-15604-6 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15604-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2019934363
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Walter Leal Filho
European School of Sustainability
Science and Research
HAW Hamburg
Hamburg, Germany
Amanda Lange Salvia
European School of Sustainability
Science and Research
HAW Hamburg
Hamburg, Germany
Rudi W. Pretorius
Department of Geography
University of South Africa
Johannesburg, South Africa
Luciana Londero Brandli
University of Passo Fundo
Passo Fundo, Brazil
Evangelos Manolas
Democritus University of Thrace
Komotini, Greece
Fatima Alves
Department of Social Sciences
and Management
Universidade Aberta
Porto, Portugal
Ulisses Azeiteiro
Universidade de Aveiro
Aveiro, Portugal
Judy Rogers
School of Architecture and Design
RMIT University
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Chris Shiel
Department of Life
and Environmental Science
Bournemouth University
Poole, UK
Arminda Do Paco
Department of Business and Economics,
Research Unit NECE
Universidade da Beira Interior
Covilha, Portugal
ISSN 2199-7373
ISSN 2199-7381 (electronic)
World Sustainability Series
ISBN 978-3-030-15603-9
ISBN 978-3-030-15604-6 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15604-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2019934363
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland