192
3.1.4.4 Processing of Scallops
The shucked meats are washed, packed into cloth bags, and stored surrounded with
ice in the hold. In hot weather, the scallops are sometimes pre-cooled in an ice slush
prior to stowage. When sea scallop vessels return to port, the bagged scallops are
usually transferred to a processing plant. The meats are separated and washed in a
tank of chilled water, then inspected and graded by size prior to packing in plastic
or metal containers. A bright orange stain, usually on one area of the meat, occasionally occurs due to the growth of pigmented bacteria during storage at sea. These
scallops are removed and are rarely seen in the marketplace. Commonly the meats
are treated with sodium tripolyphosphate before they are packed to reduce drip
losses (Hackney and Rippen 2000).
Firstly, ice is used during post-catch handling operations. Fresh scallops should
be stored on ice in a refrigerator. Pacific lions-paw scallop adductor muscle was
maintained during at least 12 days of ice storage (Pacheco-Aguilar et al. 2008).
Scallops are usually placed in refrigerated stores when landed. Pre-treatment in
processing plants is also refrigerated storage. Additional applications such as packaging and the use of preservatives have been applied to chilled/refrigerated scallops.
In a study where one group of scallops (P. maximus) was stored on melting ice
(0 °C), the other group was stored at 4 °C after being wrapped with aluminium foil
and cling film, it was found that the storage in ice was more effective and the packaged products had shorter shelf life (Ruiz-Capillas et al. 2001). In another study,
potassium sorbate treated scallop (Pecten alba) was stored up to 28 days at 4 °C
(Bremner and Statham 1983). In another study investigating the effects of radiation
application on the shelf life of scallop (Amusium ballati), it was determined that
scallops that were applied 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 3 kGy radiation and stored at 0 °C had a
shelf life of 18, 23 and 42 days, respectively. Non-irradiated scallops had a shelf life
of 13 days (Poole et al. 1990).
3.2 Cephalopods
Cephalopods are among the most complex and advanced invertebrates. They are
distinguished from the rest of the Phylum Mollusca by the presence of circumoral
(around the mouth) appendages commonly referred to as arms and tentacles (Leslie
and Lipinski 2018). The group known as cephalopods (class Cephalopoda) is the
most complex in the phylum Mollusca, and indeed, in all the invertebrate phyla
(Vecchione 2002). Cephalopods include exclusively marine animals that live in all
oceans of the world with the exception of the Black Sea, from the Arctic Sea to the
Antarctic Ocean and from the surface waters down into the deep sea (Jereb and
Roper 2010). These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body
symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles (muscular hydrostats)
modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Cephalopods are molluscs with symmetrical bodies on their sides, specific heads, two large eyes on the side of the head,
3 Molluscan Shellfish
3.1.4.4 Processing of Scallops
The shucked meats are washed, packed into cloth bags, and stored surrounded with
ice in the hold. In hot weather, the scallops are sometimes pre-cooled in an ice slush
prior to stowage. When sea scallop vessels return to port, the bagged scallops are
usually transferred to a processing plant. The meats are separated and washed in a
tank of chilled water, then inspected and graded by size prior to packing in plastic
or metal containers. A bright orange stain, usually on one area of the meat, occasionally occurs due to the growth of pigmented bacteria during storage at sea. These
scallops are removed and are rarely seen in the marketplace. Commonly the meats
are treated with sodium tripolyphosphate before they are packed to reduce drip
losses (Hackney and Rippen 2000).
Firstly, ice is used during post-catch handling operations. Fresh scallops should
be stored on ice in a refrigerator. Pacific lions-paw scallop adductor muscle was
maintained during at least 12 days of ice storage (Pacheco-Aguilar et al. 2008).
Scallops are usually placed in refrigerated stores when landed. Pre-treatment in
processing plants is also refrigerated storage. Additional applications such as packaging and the use of preservatives have been applied to chilled/refrigerated scallops.
In a study where one group of scallops (P. maximus) was stored on melting ice
(0 °C), the other group was stored at 4 °C after being wrapped with aluminium foil
and cling film, it was found that the storage in ice was more effective and the packaged products had shorter shelf life (Ruiz-Capillas et al. 2001). In another study,
potassium sorbate treated scallop (Pecten alba) was stored up to 28 days at 4 °C
(Bremner and Statham 1983). In another study investigating the effects of radiation
application on the shelf life of scallop (Amusium ballati), it was determined that
scallops that were applied 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 3 kGy radiation and stored at 0 °C had a
shelf life of 18, 23 and 42 days, respectively. Non-irradiated scallops had a shelf life
of 13 days (Poole et al. 1990).
3.2 Cephalopods
Cephalopods are among the most complex and advanced invertebrates. They are
distinguished from the rest of the Phylum Mollusca by the presence of circumoral
(around the mouth) appendages commonly referred to as arms and tentacles (Leslie
and Lipinski 2018). The group known as cephalopods (class Cephalopoda) is the
most complex in the phylum Mollusca, and indeed, in all the invertebrate phyla
(Vecchione 2002). Cephalopods include exclusively marine animals that live in all
oceans of the world with the exception of the Black Sea, from the Arctic Sea to the
Antarctic Ocean and from the surface waters down into the deep sea (Jereb and
Roper 2010). These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body
symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles (muscular hydrostats)
modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Cephalopods are molluscs with symmetrical bodies on their sides, specific heads, two large eyes on the side of the head,
3 Molluscan Shellfish