90
leading harvester of all lobster species. Canada is also the largest harvester of
American lobster.
It is reported that American lobster (Homarus americanus) and Norwegian lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) account for more than 60% of the world’s lobster presence, and H. americanus reached a record level of 16,000 tons in 2014 (FAO 2016).
The average unit value corresponds to US $ 10 per kg for shrimp and less than US
$ 5 for finfish, while it is expressed to be US $ 20 per kg for lobster (FAO 2017).
In 2014, the total amount of imports of lobster in the world was 170,156 tons. As
of 2014, the top lobster importing countries are United States of America, Canada,
and China. Among the European countries, the most important importers are France,
Italy, and Spain.
In many countries, the increase of consumption and economic value of crayfish
has accelerated the production of this product under aquaculture conditions. Large
and detailed applications have been initiated for the creation of new crayfish sources
with the fry produced and for the stocking of crayfish in the lakes deteriorated of
population balance. There are many species of freshwater lobster found in all continents except Africa, especially in the USA. The most important genera are Astacus,
Pasifastacus, Procambarus, Lambarus, Orconectes, Cambarellus, Austropotamobius
and Chrex. Some of these genera, whose origins are reported to be specific to certain
countries, are reported to have spread to various countries for many reasons
(Alpbaz 2005).
In recent years, international trade in crayfish has increased dramatically because
of farm production and export from China. Chinese crayfish are often exported as
frozen peeled tails in different size categories. In addition to all cooked and spicy
crawfish, special products for Scandinavian and USA are other product forms.
Despite the growing importance of Chinese production, the three other important
regions for fishing, aquaculture and consumption of crayfish are the USA, Europe,
and Australia (Lee and Wickins 2002). China is the world’s largest crayfish producer, according to a 2017 report by the then Ministry of Agriculture, now known
as the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Its output skyrocketed to 852,300
tonnes in 2016 from 265,500 tonnes in 2007. Outside the domestic market, Chinese
crayfish have found fans in the United States and Europe. In 2016, China exported
23,300 tonnes of crayfish worth 259 million US dollars. Nearly 40% went to the
United States, while 90% of the crayfish consumed in Europe came from China
(Huang 2018).
Fishery of Lobsters
A wide variety of catching gears are used to catch lobsters. These gears vary from
design to fabrication and operation. Manual collection and trawl are used in various
parts of the world. However, lobster traps are widely used in traditional catching.
Traps and pots are interchangeable terms. Some primitive traps invented by ancient
people are still in use in some parts of the world.
2 Crustacean Shellfish
leading harvester of all lobster species. Canada is also the largest harvester of
American lobster.
It is reported that American lobster (Homarus americanus) and Norwegian lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) account for more than 60% of the world’s lobster presence, and H. americanus reached a record level of 16,000 tons in 2014 (FAO 2016).
The average unit value corresponds to US $ 10 per kg for shrimp and less than US
$ 5 for finfish, while it is expressed to be US $ 20 per kg for lobster (FAO 2017).
In 2014, the total amount of imports of lobster in the world was 170,156 tons. As
of 2014, the top lobster importing countries are United States of America, Canada,
and China. Among the European countries, the most important importers are France,
Italy, and Spain.
In many countries, the increase of consumption and economic value of crayfish
has accelerated the production of this product under aquaculture conditions. Large
and detailed applications have been initiated for the creation of new crayfish sources
with the fry produced and for the stocking of crayfish in the lakes deteriorated of
population balance. There are many species of freshwater lobster found in all continents except Africa, especially in the USA. The most important genera are Astacus,
Pasifastacus, Procambarus, Lambarus, Orconectes, Cambarellus, Austropotamobius
and Chrex. Some of these genera, whose origins are reported to be specific to certain
countries, are reported to have spread to various countries for many reasons
(Alpbaz 2005).
In recent years, international trade in crayfish has increased dramatically because
of farm production and export from China. Chinese crayfish are often exported as
frozen peeled tails in different size categories. In addition to all cooked and spicy
crawfish, special products for Scandinavian and USA are other product forms.
Despite the growing importance of Chinese production, the three other important
regions for fishing, aquaculture and consumption of crayfish are the USA, Europe,
and Australia (Lee and Wickins 2002). China is the world’s largest crayfish producer, according to a 2017 report by the then Ministry of Agriculture, now known
as the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Its output skyrocketed to 852,300
tonnes in 2016 from 265,500 tonnes in 2007. Outside the domestic market, Chinese
crayfish have found fans in the United States and Europe. In 2016, China exported
23,300 tonnes of crayfish worth 259 million US dollars. Nearly 40% went to the
United States, while 90% of the crayfish consumed in Europe came from China
(Huang 2018).
Fishery of Lobsters
A wide variety of catching gears are used to catch lobsters. These gears vary from
design to fabrication and operation. Manual collection and trawl are used in various
parts of the world. However, lobster traps are widely used in traditional catching.
Traps and pots are interchangeable terms. Some primitive traps invented by ancient
people are still in use in some parts of the world.
2 Crustacean Shellfish