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novel ets-like gene, tel, in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with t(5;12) chromosomal
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144. Lierman E, Michaux L, Beullens E et al (2009) FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha D842V, a novel
panresistant mutant, emerging after treatment of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha T674I eosinophilic
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145. Corless CL, Schroeder A, Griffith D et al (2005) PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal
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146. Debiec-Rychter M, Dumez H, Judson I et al (2004) Use of c-KIT/PDGFRA mutational
analysis to predict the clinical response to imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal
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group. Eur J Cancer 40:689–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2003.11.025
147. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A et al (2003) PDGFRA activating mutations in
gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Science 299:708–711
148. Boyar MS, Taub RN (2007) New strategies for treating GIST when imatinib fails. Cancer
Investig 25:328–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/07357900701206273
149. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Demetri GD et al (2003) Kinase mutations and imatinib response in
patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour. J Clin Oncol 21:4342–4349. https://
doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.04.190
150. Hirota S, Ohashi A, Nishida T et al (2003) Gain-of-function mutations of platelet-derived
growth factor receptor alpha gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Gastroenterology
125:660–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(03)01046-1
151. Kim EJ, Zalupski MM (2011) Systemic therapy for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours:
beyond imatinib. J Surg Oncol 104:901–906. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.21872
152. Wang P, Song L, Ge H et al (2014) Crenolanib, a PDGFR inhibitor, suppresses lung cancer
cell proliferation and inhibits tumour growth in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 7:1761–1768
153. Gambacorti-Passerini CB, Gunby RH, Piazza R et al (2003) Molecular mechanisms of
resistance to imatinib in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive leukaemias. Lancet Oncol
4:75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(03)00979-3
154. Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E et al (1996) Effects of a selective inhibitor of the abl
tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells. Nat Med 2:561–566. https://doi.org/
10.1038/nm0596-561
200
L. M. Lima et al.
the activating mutation D849N, accelerates the establishment of B16 melanoma. BMC Cancer
7:224. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-7-224
138. Estevez-Garcia P, Castaño A, Martin AC et al (2012) PDGFRα/β and VEGFR2 polymorphisms in colorectal cancer: incidence and implications in clinical outcome. BMC Cancer
12:514. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-514
139. Wehler T, Frerichs K, Graf C et al (2008) PDGFRα/β expression correlates with the metastatic
behavior of human colorectal cancer: a possible rationale for a molecular targeting strategy.
Oncol Rep 19:697–704. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.19.3.697
140. Paulsson J, Sjoblom T, Micke P et al (2009) Prognostic significance of stromal platelet-derived
growth factor beta-receptor expression in human breast cancer. Am J Pathol 175:334–341.
https://doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2009.081030
141. Tefferi A (2009) Molecular drug targets in myeloproliferative neoplasms: mutant ABL1,
JAK2, MPL, KIT, PDGFRA, PDGFRB and FGFR1. J Cell Mol Med 13:215–237. https://
doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00559.x
142. Golub TR, Barker GF, Lovett M, Gary Gilliland D (1994) Fusion of PDGF receptor B to a
novel ets-like gene, tel, in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with t(5;12) chromosomal
translocation. Cell 77:307–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90322-0
143. Cools J, DeAngelo DJ, Gotlib J et al (2003) A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the
PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic
syndrome. N Engl J Med 348:1201–1214
144. Lierman E, Michaux L, Beullens E et al (2009) FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha D842V, a novel
panresistant mutant, emerging after treatment of FIP1L1-PDGFRalpha T674I eosinophilic
leukemia with single agent sorafenib. Leukemia 23:845–851. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.
2009.2
145. Corless CL, Schroeder A, Griffith D et al (2005) PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal
stromal tumours: frequency, spectrum and in vitro sensitivity to imatinib. J Clin Oncol
23:5357–5364. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.14.068
146. Debiec-Rychter M, Dumez H, Judson I et al (2004) Use of c-KIT/PDGFRA mutational
analysis to predict the clinical response to imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal
stromal tumours entered on phase I and II studies of the EORTC soft tissue and bone sarcoma
group. Eur J Cancer 40:689–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2003.11.025
147. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A et al (2003) PDGFRA activating mutations in
gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Science 299:708–711
148. Boyar MS, Taub RN (2007) New strategies for treating GIST when imatinib fails. Cancer
Investig 25:328–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/07357900701206273
149. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Demetri GD et al (2003) Kinase mutations and imatinib response in
patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour. J Clin Oncol 21:4342–4349. https://
doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.04.190
150. Hirota S, Ohashi A, Nishida T et al (2003) Gain-of-function mutations of platelet-derived
growth factor receptor alpha gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Gastroenterology
125:660–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(03)01046-1
151. Kim EJ, Zalupski MM (2011) Systemic therapy for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours:
beyond imatinib. J Surg Oncol 104:901–906. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.21872
152. Wang P, Song L, Ge H et al (2014) Crenolanib, a PDGFR inhibitor, suppresses lung cancer
cell proliferation and inhibits tumour growth in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 7:1761–1768
153. Gambacorti-Passerini CB, Gunby RH, Piazza R et al (2003) Molecular mechanisms of
resistance to imatinib in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive leukaemias. Lancet Oncol
4:75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(03)00979-3
154. Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E et al (1996) Effects of a selective inhibitor of the abl
tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells. Nat Med 2:561–566. https://doi.org/
10.1038/nm0596-561
200
L. M. Lima et al.