6.4 Ammonia/Ammonium-Derivative-Based Hydrogen Generation
69
Production of hydrogen from hydrazine also involves the extensive use of
nanotechnology. Different studies have reported the use of various nanomaterials
in hydrogen generation from hydrazine. Modified silver nanoparticles designated as
C60(Ag@C60) are regarded as remarkable electrocatalysts for hydrazine oxidation
to generate hydrogen [38]. Similarly, titanate nanotubes enclosing Ni nanoparticles
have the ability to catalyze selective oxidation of hydrazine for hydrogen generation
[39].
6.5 Conclusion
There are several miscellaneous sources which contribute toward the generation of
hydrogen in varying amounts. As proven from the above discussion, nanotechnology
is paving the path for easing the generation of H 2 , both in terms of time and cost from
these miscellaneous sources. Efforts must be made for the use of the miscellaneous
sources as portable mediums that can be employed in batteries and other small devices
for the generation of hydrogen.
References
1. Rand DAJ, Woods R (1981) Batteries for electric vehicles
2. Schlapbach L, Züttel A (2011) Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications. In: Materials for sustainable energy: a collection of peer-reviewed research and review articles from
nature publishing group. World Scientific, pp 265–270
3. Wang HZ, Leung DYC, Leung MKH, Ni M (2009) A review on hydrogen production using
aluminum and aluminum alloys. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(4):845–853. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.rser.2008.02.009
4. Wu C, Williams PT (2010) Pyrolysis–gasification of post-consumer municipal solid plastic
waste for hydrogen production. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(3):949–957. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijhydene.2009.11.045
5. Qiwu Z, Fumio S (2009) Generation of hydrogen and syngas from waste plastics and wood-chip
with an aid of mechanochemical treatment. J Soc Powder Technol Jpn 46(6):484–488
6. Wu C, Wang Z, Wang L, Williams PT, Huang J (2012) Sustainable processing of waste plastics
to produce high yield hydrogen-rich synthesis gas and high quality carbon nanotubes. RSC
Adv 2(10):4045–4047
7. Ahmed II, Gupta AK (2009) Hydrogen production from polystyrene pyrolysis and gasification:
characteristics and kinetics. Int J Hydrogen Energy 34(15):6253–6264
8. Chellappa AS, Fischer CM, Thomson WJ (2002) Ammonia decomposition kinetics over NiPt/Al2O3 for PEM fuel cell applications. Appl Catal a 227(1–2):231–240
9. Metkemeijer R, Achard P (1994) Ammonia as a feedstock for a hydrogen fuel cell; reformer
and fuel cell behaviour. J Power Sources 49(1–3):271–282
10. Yin S-F, Zhang Q-H, Xu B-Q, Zhu W-X, Ng C-F, Au C-T (2004) Investigation on the catalysis
of COx-free hydrogen generation from ammonia. J Catal 224(2):384–396
11. Vitse F, Cooper M, Botte GG (2005) On the use of ammonia electrolysis for hydrogen
production. J Power Sources 142(1–2):18–26
69
Production of hydrogen from hydrazine also involves the extensive use of
nanotechnology. Different studies have reported the use of various nanomaterials
in hydrogen generation from hydrazine. Modified silver nanoparticles designated as
C60(Ag@C60) are regarded as remarkable electrocatalysts for hydrazine oxidation
to generate hydrogen [38]. Similarly, titanate nanotubes enclosing Ni nanoparticles
have the ability to catalyze selective oxidation of hydrazine for hydrogen generation
[39].
6.5 Conclusion
There are several miscellaneous sources which contribute toward the generation of
hydrogen in varying amounts. As proven from the above discussion, nanotechnology
is paving the path for easing the generation of H 2 , both in terms of time and cost from
these miscellaneous sources. Efforts must be made for the use of the miscellaneous
sources as portable mediums that can be employed in batteries and other small devices
for the generation of hydrogen.
References
1. Rand DAJ, Woods R (1981) Batteries for electric vehicles
2. Schlapbach L, Züttel A (2011) Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications. In: Materials for sustainable energy: a collection of peer-reviewed research and review articles from
nature publishing group. World Scientific, pp 265–270
3. Wang HZ, Leung DYC, Leung MKH, Ni M (2009) A review on hydrogen production using
aluminum and aluminum alloys. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 13(4):845–853. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.rser.2008.02.009
4. Wu C, Williams PT (2010) Pyrolysis–gasification of post-consumer municipal solid plastic
waste for hydrogen production. Int J Hydrogen Energy 35(3):949–957. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.ijhydene.2009.11.045
5. Qiwu Z, Fumio S (2009) Generation of hydrogen and syngas from waste plastics and wood-chip
with an aid of mechanochemical treatment. J Soc Powder Technol Jpn 46(6):484–488
6. Wu C, Wang Z, Wang L, Williams PT, Huang J (2012) Sustainable processing of waste plastics
to produce high yield hydrogen-rich synthesis gas and high quality carbon nanotubes. RSC
Adv 2(10):4045–4047
7. Ahmed II, Gupta AK (2009) Hydrogen production from polystyrene pyrolysis and gasification:
characteristics and kinetics. Int J Hydrogen Energy 34(15):6253–6264
8. Chellappa AS, Fischer CM, Thomson WJ (2002) Ammonia decomposition kinetics over NiPt/Al2O3 for PEM fuel cell applications. Appl Catal a 227(1–2):231–240
9. Metkemeijer R, Achard P (1994) Ammonia as a feedstock for a hydrogen fuel cell; reformer
and fuel cell behaviour. J Power Sources 49(1–3):271–282
10. Yin S-F, Zhang Q-H, Xu B-Q, Zhu W-X, Ng C-F, Au C-T (2004) Investigation on the catalysis
of COx-free hydrogen generation from ammonia. J Catal 224(2):384–396
11. Vitse F, Cooper M, Botte GG (2005) On the use of ammonia electrolysis for hydrogen
production. J Power Sources 142(1–2):18–26