460
M. Honda
Fig. 18.3 Applications of commercially used carotenoids
18.2.4 Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications
The major applications of carotenoids are for “bioactive agent” such as nutritional
supplements and cosmetics, and “color” for foods and beverages, and animal and
fish feeds (Fig. 18.3). Focusing on the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical segments,
the primary applications of each carotenoid are summarized below.
18.2.4.1 Lycopene
The main application of lycopene is nutritional supplement appealing high antioxidant activity and reduce risks of prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease: approximately 80% of global lycopene consumption was supplement in recent years. From
the early 2000s, the demand for the cosmetic segment is also increasing year by
year because in addition to the development of the emulsification technology, its
high antioxidant singlet oxygen scavenging activity and skincare effect were demonstrated. Furthermore, the recent demands for natural food colorants drive lycopene
market as a colorant agent for a number of food products. Mainly, synthetic lycopene
and extracted lycopene from tomatoes are available commercially. The tomato
extracts rich in lycopene are also expected to be health benefits from components
other than lycopene such as phytoene, phytofluene, and β-carotene. Most lycopene
in the market is the all-E-form, e.g., the content of lycopene Z-isomers, which have
higher bioavailability and antioxidant activity than the all-E-isomer, in tomato oleoresin sold by LycoRed Ltd. (Lyc-O-Mato
® ; Beer-Sheva, Israel), which is the biggest
M. Honda
Fig. 18.3 Applications of commercially used carotenoids
18.2.4 Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications
The major applications of carotenoids are for “bioactive agent” such as nutritional
supplements and cosmetics, and “color” for foods and beverages, and animal and
fish feeds (Fig. 18.3). Focusing on the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical segments,
the primary applications of each carotenoid are summarized below.
18.2.4.1 Lycopene
The main application of lycopene is nutritional supplement appealing high antioxidant activity and reduce risks of prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease: approximately 80% of global lycopene consumption was supplement in recent years. From
the early 2000s, the demand for the cosmetic segment is also increasing year by
year because in addition to the development of the emulsification technology, its
high antioxidant singlet oxygen scavenging activity and skincare effect were demonstrated. Furthermore, the recent demands for natural food colorants drive lycopene
market as a colorant agent for a number of food products. Mainly, synthetic lycopene
and extracted lycopene from tomatoes are available commercially. The tomato
extracts rich in lycopene are also expected to be health benefits from components
other than lycopene such as phytoene, phytofluene, and β-carotene. Most lycopene
in the market is the all-E-form, e.g., the content of lycopene Z-isomers, which have
higher bioavailability and antioxidant activity than the all-E-isomer, in tomato oleoresin sold by LycoRed Ltd. (Lyc-O-Mato
® ; Beer-Sheva, Israel), which is the biggest