3. Wahl GM, Spike BT (2017) Cell state plasticity,
stem cells, EMT, and the generation of intratumoral heterogeneity. NPJ Breast Cancer
3:14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-0170012-z
4. Lamouille S, Xu J, Derynck R (2014) Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal
transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
15:178–196.
https://doi.org/10.1038/
nrm3758
5. Shachar S, Misteli T (2017) Causes and consequences of nuclear gene positioning. J Cell
Sci 130:1501–1508. https://doi.org/10.
1242/jcs.199786
6. Robson MI, Ringel AR, Mundlos S (2019)
Regulatory landscaping: how enhancerpromoter communication is sculpted in 3D.
Mol Cell 74:1110–1122. https://doi.org/10.
1016/J.MOLCEL.2019.05.032
7. Meaburn KJ, Gudla PR, Khan S et al (2009)
Disease-specific gene repositioning in breast
cancer. J Cell Biol 187:801–812. https://doi.
org/10.1083/jcb.200909127
8. Leshner M, Devine M, Roloff GW et al (2016)
Locus-specific gene repositioning in prostate
cancer. Mol Biol Cell 27:236–246. https://
doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0280
9. Xu J, Ma H, Ma H et al (2019) Superresolution imaging reveals the evolution of
higher-order chromatin folding in early carcinogenesis. bioRxiv 672105. https://doi.org/
10.1101/672105
10. Verdone JE, Parsana P, Veltri RW, Pienta KJ
(2015) Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in
prostate cancer is associated with quantifiable
changes in nuclear structure. Prostate
75:218–224. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.
22908
11. McDonald OG, Wu H, Timp W et al (2011)
Genome-scale epigenetic reprogramming
during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
Nat Struct Mol Biol 18:867–874. https://doi.
org/10.1038/nsmb.2084
12. Soule HD, Maloney TM, Wolman SR et al
(1990) Isolation and characterization of a
spontaneously immortalized human breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10. Cancer Res
50:6075–6086
13. Zavadil J, Bo ¨ttinger EP (2005) TGF-β and
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions. Oncogene 24:5764–5774. https://doi.org/10.
1038/sj.onc.1208927
14. Tran DD, Corsa CAS, Biswas H et al (2011)
Temporal and spatial cooperation of Snail1 and
Twist1 during epithelial-mesenchymal transition predicts for human breast cancer recurrence. Mol Cancer Res 9:1644–1657.
https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR11-0371
15. Kocanova S, Goiffon I, Bystricky K (2018) 3D
FISH to analyse gene domain-specific chromatin re-modeling in human cancer cell lines.
Methods 142:3–15. https://doi.org/10.
1016/J.YMETH.2018.02.013
16. Bolland DJ, King MR, Reik W et al (2013)
Robust 3D DNA FISH using directly labeled
probes. J Vis Exp (78):e50587. https://doi.
org/10.3791/50587
17. Bolte S, Cordelie `res FP (2006) A guided tour
into subcellular colocalization analysis in light
microscopy. J Microsc 224:213–232. https://
doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.
01706.x
18. Dempsey GT (2013) A user’s guide to
localization-based super-resolution fluorescence
imaging.
Methods
Cell
Biol
114:561–592.
https://doi.org/10.1016/
B978-0-12-407761-4.00024-5
EMT Studied by Molecular Biology and DNA-FISH in Human Cells
383
stem cells, EMT, and the generation of intratumoral heterogeneity. NPJ Breast Cancer
3:14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-0170012-z
4. Lamouille S, Xu J, Derynck R (2014) Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal
transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
15:178–196.
https://doi.org/10.1038/
nrm3758
5. Shachar S, Misteli T (2017) Causes and consequences of nuclear gene positioning. J Cell
Sci 130:1501–1508. https://doi.org/10.
1242/jcs.199786
6. Robson MI, Ringel AR, Mundlos S (2019)
Regulatory landscaping: how enhancerpromoter communication is sculpted in 3D.
Mol Cell 74:1110–1122. https://doi.org/10.
1016/J.MOLCEL.2019.05.032
7. Meaburn KJ, Gudla PR, Khan S et al (2009)
Disease-specific gene repositioning in breast
cancer. J Cell Biol 187:801–812. https://doi.
org/10.1083/jcb.200909127
8. Leshner M, Devine M, Roloff GW et al (2016)
Locus-specific gene repositioning in prostate
cancer. Mol Biol Cell 27:236–246. https://
doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e15-05-0280
9. Xu J, Ma H, Ma H et al (2019) Superresolution imaging reveals the evolution of
higher-order chromatin folding in early carcinogenesis. bioRxiv 672105. https://doi.org/
10.1101/672105
10. Verdone JE, Parsana P, Veltri RW, Pienta KJ
(2015) Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in
prostate cancer is associated with quantifiable
changes in nuclear structure. Prostate
75:218–224. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.
22908
11. McDonald OG, Wu H, Timp W et al (2011)
Genome-scale epigenetic reprogramming
during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
Nat Struct Mol Biol 18:867–874. https://doi.
org/10.1038/nsmb.2084
12. Soule HD, Maloney TM, Wolman SR et al
(1990) Isolation and characterization of a
spontaneously immortalized human breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10. Cancer Res
50:6075–6086
13. Zavadil J, Bo ¨ttinger EP (2005) TGF-β and
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions. Oncogene 24:5764–5774. https://doi.org/10.
1038/sj.onc.1208927
14. Tran DD, Corsa CAS, Biswas H et al (2011)
Temporal and spatial cooperation of Snail1 and
Twist1 during epithelial-mesenchymal transition predicts for human breast cancer recurrence. Mol Cancer Res 9:1644–1657.
https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR11-0371
15. Kocanova S, Goiffon I, Bystricky K (2018) 3D
FISH to analyse gene domain-specific chromatin re-modeling in human cancer cell lines.
Methods 142:3–15. https://doi.org/10.
1016/J.YMETH.2018.02.013
16. Bolland DJ, King MR, Reik W et al (2013)
Robust 3D DNA FISH using directly labeled
probes. J Vis Exp (78):e50587. https://doi.
org/10.3791/50587
17. Bolte S, Cordelie `res FP (2006) A guided tour
into subcellular colocalization analysis in light
microscopy. J Microsc 224:213–232. https://
doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2006.
01706.x
18. Dempsey GT (2013) A user’s guide to
localization-based super-resolution fluorescence
imaging.
Methods
Cell
Biol
114:561–592.
https://doi.org/10.1016/
B978-0-12-407761-4.00024-5
EMT Studied by Molecular Biology and DNA-FISH in Human Cells
383