265
oxyethylphosphorylcholine) and PDMS segments were proposed by Seo et al.
(2008) as a procedure for manufacturing biocompatible surfaces on PDMS substrates. The hydrophobic surface of PDMS became a hydrophilic surface, which
was beneficial for reducing cell and protein adhesion compared to those of the
untreated PDMS substrate. Gottenbos et al. (2002) also modified the surface of silicone rubber by covalent bonding of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecylammonium chloride after argon plasma treatment resulting in materials with
antimicrobial properties against adhering bacteria.
Egli et al. (2011) reported PDMS-b-poly(2-methyloxazoline) diblock copolymers with hydroxyl or piperazyl functionalities at the hydrophilic terminus and their
polymersomes. In this regard, the subsequent covalent binding of biological ligands
by bis-aryl hydrazone conjugation chemistry was a promising approach to make
immunoassays more sensitive and drug delivery more effective.
Surface modification of PDMS is useful for lab-on-chip applications. For example, Escutia-Guadarrama et al. (2017) achieved surface oxidation of PDMS substrates and silanization with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, followed by
crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and incubation with type I collagen, for the biomimetic confinement of cells which do not adhere to unmodified PDMS.
Arginine-modified
oligoalkylaminocyclosiloxane-conjugated
poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) was synthesized by Morris and Sharma (2010). These
derivatives were complexed with plasmid DNA and the resulted complexes showed
a very good cell viability (opposed to cytotoxicity of branched PEI) and greater
transfection compared with branched PEI. In this same line, Marangoci et al. (2008,
2014) observed a significant reduction in the toxicity of viologens when viologenpolysiloxanes were used in cyclodextrine based polyrotaxanes.
Hurduc et al. (2013) synthesized polysiloxanes with chlorobenzyl groups, which
were subsequently modified with several azobenzene molecules. Enea et al. (2007)
demonstrated that this type of materials resulting based on azo-polysiloxanes can
support cell adhesion and growth. The further modification of such polymers with
nucleobases opens possible applications for the immobilization of biomolecules
and nano-manipulation.
Siloxane surfactants have also been tested for encapsulation of a model drug in
PDMS submicron particles (Racles 2013). Solubilization of a hydrophobic drug in
siloxane-containing polymersomes formed by a non-ionic polysiloxane surfactant
or a metalo-surfactant has been reported by Racles et al. (2014d, e). Power-Billard
et al. (2004) also proposed stimuli responsive polymersomes obtained from the
water-soluble PDMS-b-polyferrocenylsilane diblock copolymer for redox-tunable
encapsulation.
Carboxybetaine functionalized PDMSs were proposed by Lin et al. (2016) as
antifouling materials. These materials exhibited good resistance against proteins,
which was attributed to the zwitterions side groups’ binding ability between the
PDMS chain and the protein.
Fitremann et al. (2008) reported saccharide-modified siloxanes as potential or
proven biocompatible compounds. Feher et al. (1998) showed that carbohydratefunctionalized silsesquioxanes exhibit selective and reversible complexation to
11 Reactive and Functional Silicones for Special Applications
oxyethylphosphorylcholine) and PDMS segments were proposed by Seo et al.
(2008) as a procedure for manufacturing biocompatible surfaces on PDMS substrates. The hydrophobic surface of PDMS became a hydrophilic surface, which
was beneficial for reducing cell and protein adhesion compared to those of the
untreated PDMS substrate. Gottenbos et al. (2002) also modified the surface of silicone rubber by covalent bonding of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecylammonium chloride after argon plasma treatment resulting in materials with
antimicrobial properties against adhering bacteria.
Egli et al. (2011) reported PDMS-b-poly(2-methyloxazoline) diblock copolymers with hydroxyl or piperazyl functionalities at the hydrophilic terminus and their
polymersomes. In this regard, the subsequent covalent binding of biological ligands
by bis-aryl hydrazone conjugation chemistry was a promising approach to make
immunoassays more sensitive and drug delivery more effective.
Surface modification of PDMS is useful for lab-on-chip applications. For example, Escutia-Guadarrama et al. (2017) achieved surface oxidation of PDMS substrates and silanization with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, followed by
crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and incubation with type I collagen, for the biomimetic confinement of cells which do not adhere to unmodified PDMS.
Arginine-modified
oligoalkylaminocyclosiloxane-conjugated
poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) was synthesized by Morris and Sharma (2010). These
derivatives were complexed with plasmid DNA and the resulted complexes showed
a very good cell viability (opposed to cytotoxicity of branched PEI) and greater
transfection compared with branched PEI. In this same line, Marangoci et al. (2008,
2014) observed a significant reduction in the toxicity of viologens when viologenpolysiloxanes were used in cyclodextrine based polyrotaxanes.
Hurduc et al. (2013) synthesized polysiloxanes with chlorobenzyl groups, which
were subsequently modified with several azobenzene molecules. Enea et al. (2007)
demonstrated that this type of materials resulting based on azo-polysiloxanes can
support cell adhesion and growth. The further modification of such polymers with
nucleobases opens possible applications for the immobilization of biomolecules
and nano-manipulation.
Siloxane surfactants have also been tested for encapsulation of a model drug in
PDMS submicron particles (Racles 2013). Solubilization of a hydrophobic drug in
siloxane-containing polymersomes formed by a non-ionic polysiloxane surfactant
or a metalo-surfactant has been reported by Racles et al. (2014d, e). Power-Billard
et al. (2004) also proposed stimuli responsive polymersomes obtained from the
water-soluble PDMS-b-polyferrocenylsilane diblock copolymer for redox-tunable
encapsulation.
Carboxybetaine functionalized PDMSs were proposed by Lin et al. (2016) as
antifouling materials. These materials exhibited good resistance against proteins,
which was attributed to the zwitterions side groups’ binding ability between the
PDMS chain and the protein.
Fitremann et al. (2008) reported saccharide-modified siloxanes as potential or
proven biocompatible compounds. Feher et al. (1998) showed that carbohydratefunctionalized silsesquioxanes exhibit selective and reversible complexation to
11 Reactive and Functional Silicones for Special Applications