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10.4.6 Reinforcement
Natural and synthetic rubbers, and silicone elastomers should be reinforced with
active fillers to give them the desired mechanical properties, such as elongation at
break, hardness, tear resistance (notch resistance) and tensile strength. The required
system properties can be individually tailored by means of the active filler such as
carbon black and silica, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties
(Sattayanurak et al. 2019).
10.4.7 Free Flow Agent
Pyrogenic silica significantly improves the flow properties of powdered substances.
In many areas, such as animal feed, bulk goods, fire extinguishers, foods, pharmaceuticals, powders for cosmetics, toners for photocopiers and powder paints in
industrial and automotive coatings (Patel et al. 2009).
10.4.8 Thermal Isolation
Pyrogenic silica has excellent thermal insulation properties, up to more than
1000 °C at room temperature. Typical applications include vacuum insulation
panels (building thermal insulation, insulation of refrigerators), radiant heaters
in stoves, car exhaust systems or fire safety systems for buildings (Peng and
Yang, 2016).
10.4.9 Thermal Aging Resistance of the Silicone Polymer
Silicone polymers are used in various fields of applications requiring high temperature resistance (Shit and Shah 2013). The PDMS degradation starts only at
around 400 °C in the absence of impurities by thermogravimetry analysis. Its
thermal stability must ensure its widespread use in depolymerization, oxidation
and fire resistance. They are used for furnace seals, for insulation of electric
cables, pump fluids and heat transfer fluids. In case of fire, silicone elastomer
insulating an electrical cable decomposes to give insulating silica instead of electrically conductive carbon which is produced by the combustion of a hydrocarbon elastomer.
S. Sikdar and S. Majumdar
10.4.6 Reinforcement
Natural and synthetic rubbers, and silicone elastomers should be reinforced with
active fillers to give them the desired mechanical properties, such as elongation at
break, hardness, tear resistance (notch resistance) and tensile strength. The required
system properties can be individually tailored by means of the active filler such as
carbon black and silica, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties
(Sattayanurak et al. 2019).
10.4.7 Free Flow Agent
Pyrogenic silica significantly improves the flow properties of powdered substances.
In many areas, such as animal feed, bulk goods, fire extinguishers, foods, pharmaceuticals, powders for cosmetics, toners for photocopiers and powder paints in
industrial and automotive coatings (Patel et al. 2009).
10.4.8 Thermal Isolation
Pyrogenic silica has excellent thermal insulation properties, up to more than
1000 °C at room temperature. Typical applications include vacuum insulation
panels (building thermal insulation, insulation of refrigerators), radiant heaters
in stoves, car exhaust systems or fire safety systems for buildings (Peng and
Yang, 2016).
10.4.9 Thermal Aging Resistance of the Silicone Polymer
Silicone polymers are used in various fields of applications requiring high temperature resistance (Shit and Shah 2013). The PDMS degradation starts only at
around 400 °C in the absence of impurities by thermogravimetry analysis. Its
thermal stability must ensure its widespread use in depolymerization, oxidation
and fire resistance. They are used for furnace seals, for insulation of electric
cables, pump fluids and heat transfer fluids. In case of fire, silicone elastomer
insulating an electrical cable decomposes to give insulating silica instead of electrically conductive carbon which is produced by the combustion of a hydrocarbon elastomer.
S. Sikdar and S. Majumdar