seeds significantly increased from 62 to 84% in dye solution treated with activated
carbon and fly ash, respectively. In control, the plumule and radicle lengths were
10.8 and 3.4 cms which were significantly reduced to 2.7 and 0.3 cms in acid
magenta dye solution. Fly ash-treated dye solution showed increase in plumule
and radicle length in comparison with activated carbon. The vigor index of Vigna
radiata seeds showed the following trend: control > fly ash-treated dye solution >
activated carbon treated dye solution > acid magenta dye (Table 2).
3 Conclusion
The present study revealed that the removal of acid magenta dye by using fly ash is a
simple, low-cost, and environmentally benign technology. The phytotoxicity test on
mung bean seeds revealed the less toxic and growth-promoting nature of fly
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
30
40
50
60
)
%
(
e
g
a
t
n
e
c
r
e
p
l
a
v
o
m
e
r
e
y
D
Temperature
AC
FA
Fig. 4 Adsorption of acid magenta dye at different temperature
Table 2 Phytotoxicity comparison of acid magenta dye before and after treatment on seed
germination and other growth parameters of Vigna radiata
Treatment
Seed
germination (%)
Plumule length
(cms)
Radicle length
(cms)
Vigor
index
Control
97 Æ 0.65
10.8 Æ 0.45
3.4 Æ 0.21
13,774
Acid magenta dye (20 mg/L) 40 Æ 0.18
2.7 Æ 0.04
0.30 Æ 0.01
1,200
Activated carbon treated dye
solution
62 Æ 0.31
6.4 Æ 0.71
1.8 Æ 0.14
5,084
Fly ash-treated dye solution 84 Æ 0.52
8.7 Æ 0.64
2.9 Æ 0.23
9,744
Removal of Acid Magenta Dye by Fly Ash: A Sustainable Tool for Textile Effluent. . .
269