Table 8 Essential chemicals from hydrothermal processing
Feedstock
Compounds
Relative
area %
Significance
Beech wood
Guaiacol
26.4
Flavoring agent in baking industry
2,6-Dimethoxyphenol
(Syringol)
18.6
Food industry to artificially produce
smoky aroma to food items
2-Methyl-2cyclopenten-1-one
7.89
Ketonic group added as ingredient in
fragrance
Acetic acid
4.41
Production of vinyl acetate monomer,
as solvent in recrystallization to purify
organic compounds
Pine wood
2Furancarboxaldehyde/
furfural
77.68
Herbicide, solvents in agricultural
preparations
1-Hydroxy-2methoxybenzene
42.99
Herbicide and also in biomedical
applications
5-Methyldihydro-2
(3H)-furanone
8.85
Flavor and fragrance agents that give
the caramel-like odor and brown-type
flavor
cyclopentene-1acetaldehyde
7.61
Solvent for extraction due to its high
polarity
Acetic acid, butyl
ester
2.22
Solvents, flavoring agents
Corncob
p-Xylene
6.65
Polymer industry for production of
polyethylene terephthalate
Naphthalene,
decahydro6.57
Solvent
Ethylbenzene
3.60
Manufacturing products such as inks,
insecticides, and paints
Benzene,
1,3-dimethyl2.85
Smaller proportion in making resins,
rugs, rubber lubricants, etc.
Nannochloropsis
sp.
n-Hexadecanoic acid
(C16:0)
23.45
Ingredient in soaps, cosmetics, etc.
cis-9-Hexadecenoic
acid (C16:1)
19.49
Disinfectants in water treatment
Docosahexaenoic acid
8.50
Food industry as supplements
Oleic acid (C18:1)
5.72
Manufacture of soaps as an emulsifying
agent
Tetradecanoic acid
(C14:0)
5.68
Medicine preparation
Pyrrolidine derivative
5.00
Pharma industry to produce tolmetin
Enteromorpha
prolifera
1,4-Pentadiene
20.12
Paints, flavors, perfumes, varnishes as
odor-causing agents
3-Methyl-2cyclopenten-1-one
10.26
Food additives, flavors, colorings, etc.
Palmitic acid
9.78
Saponification of soaps
(continued)
220
C. D. Venkatachalam et al.