• This method requires no drying of wet biomass. This means the cost and the
energy needed for MSW moisture evaporation can be avoided. In addition,
another interesting feature of using this technology is that the water contained
in the biomass is another important parameter for additional hydrogen formation
in the system.
• CO 2 is separated in the easiest possible way because CO 2 is much more soluble in
water at high pressure and ambient temperature than CH 4 and H 2 .
• In other reactors, salts or ash needs to be added to achieve low CO. However, this
configuration saves the resources as it used the salt in the biomass for these
reasons.
• The burnable product gas is gained at high pressure, and further compression does
not consume much energy.
5 Conclusion
There is a serious need for curtailing the ever-increasing biodegradables in the global
MSW using more viable and environmentally friendly techniques. This chapter
highlighted conventional and advanced waste treatment technologies in details for
sustainable waste management. The chapter embarks on more detailed and rigorous
consideration of the fundamental principle of advanced thermal treatment using
hydrothermal technology for gasification of organics in municipal solid wastes and
methods involve in the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process.
It is concluded that the recent struggle and efforts towards finding clean resources
from MSW for sustainable development can be achieved with this technology. The
technology can serve as a potential solution to fossil fuel consumption in the energy
sector (electricity, heat and transportation). Meanwhile, with the wide varieties of
sustainable fuels that can be generated from this technology, such as hydrogen
(as automobile fuel), methane (for sustainable fuels and electricity generation),
dimethyl ether (for blending with diesel), petcoke, natural gas and naphtha, methanol, etc., this technology can surely lead to zero carbon emission to the environment
and hence help in building a greater sustainable environment.
References
1. Cheng H, Hu Y (2010) Municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable source of energy: current
and future practices in China. Bioresour Technol 101(11):3816–3824
2. Kumar A, Sharma MP (2014) Estimation of GHG emission and energy recovery potential from
MSW landfill sites. Sustain Energy Tech Assess 5:50–61
3. Muthuramana M, Namiokaa T, Yoshikawab K (2010) A comparison of co- combustion
characteristics of coal with wood and hydrothermally treated municipal solid waste. Bioresour
Technol 101:2477–2482
Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) Technology for Municipal Solid Waste. . .
197
energy needed for MSW moisture evaporation can be avoided. In addition,
another interesting feature of using this technology is that the water contained
in the biomass is another important parameter for additional hydrogen formation
in the system.
• CO 2 is separated in the easiest possible way because CO 2 is much more soluble in
water at high pressure and ambient temperature than CH 4 and H 2 .
• In other reactors, salts or ash needs to be added to achieve low CO. However, this
configuration saves the resources as it used the salt in the biomass for these
reasons.
• The burnable product gas is gained at high pressure, and further compression does
not consume much energy.
5 Conclusion
There is a serious need for curtailing the ever-increasing biodegradables in the global
MSW using more viable and environmentally friendly techniques. This chapter
highlighted conventional and advanced waste treatment technologies in details for
sustainable waste management. The chapter embarks on more detailed and rigorous
consideration of the fundamental principle of advanced thermal treatment using
hydrothermal technology for gasification of organics in municipal solid wastes and
methods involve in the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) process.
It is concluded that the recent struggle and efforts towards finding clean resources
from MSW for sustainable development can be achieved with this technology. The
technology can serve as a potential solution to fossil fuel consumption in the energy
sector (electricity, heat and transportation). Meanwhile, with the wide varieties of
sustainable fuels that can be generated from this technology, such as hydrogen
(as automobile fuel), methane (for sustainable fuels and electricity generation),
dimethyl ether (for blending with diesel), petcoke, natural gas and naphtha, methanol, etc., this technology can surely lead to zero carbon emission to the environment
and hence help in building a greater sustainable environment.
References
1. Cheng H, Hu Y (2010) Municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable source of energy: current
and future practices in China. Bioresour Technol 101(11):3816–3824
2. Kumar A, Sharma MP (2014) Estimation of GHG emission and energy recovery potential from
MSW landfill sites. Sustain Energy Tech Assess 5:50–61
3. Muthuramana M, Namiokaa T, Yoshikawab K (2010) A comparison of co- combustion
characteristics of coal with wood and hydrothermally treated municipal solid waste. Bioresour
Technol 101:2477–2482
Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) Technology for Municipal Solid Waste. . .
197