Furthermore, the combustible gas is cleaned in the off-gas system and is oxidised to
CO 2 and H 2 O in the bed oxidisers.
The plasma arc technology is receiving attention in the global waste treatment
studies as a result of its reduced emission to the atmosphere in comparison to other
treatment technologies. The major concern about plasma arc technology is a significant investment cost. However, another issue of chief concern is ensuring that the
gaseous emissions are kept to the minimum required values before being released to
the atmosphere.
3.2 Autoclaving
Autoclaving is a technology that involves higher pressure sterilisation of the MSW
by the use of super steam. This technology cooks the waste, in so doing killing all the
bacteria’s contained in the waste as well as reducing the moisture content of the
wastes [24, 25]. The schematic of the working principle of autoclaving technology is
shown in Fig. 4. Autoclaving technology is also another form of mechanical heat
treatment (MHT) since it uses thermal and mechanical methods to treat wastes
Fig. 6.
Municipal solid waste autoclaving is one of the waste treatment techniques being
used to pretreat the recyclable component of the MSW and is often applied to the
residual wastes after recycling. The autoclaving system uses a combination of heat,
steam, pressure and mechanical rotation for the feed wastes in the chamber. The
most common autoclaving systems employed in the treatment of MSW are the steam
autoclaves. Steam autoclaves are steel horizontal-type devices that are designed to
operate safely under high temperatures and pressures.
Fig. 5 Plasma arc system (Adapted with permission from: [23])
Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) Technology for Municipal Solid Waste. . .
185
CO 2 and H 2 O in the bed oxidisers.
The plasma arc technology is receiving attention in the global waste treatment
studies as a result of its reduced emission to the atmosphere in comparison to other
treatment technologies. The major concern about plasma arc technology is a significant investment cost. However, another issue of chief concern is ensuring that the
gaseous emissions are kept to the minimum required values before being released to
the atmosphere.
3.2 Autoclaving
Autoclaving is a technology that involves higher pressure sterilisation of the MSW
by the use of super steam. This technology cooks the waste, in so doing killing all the
bacteria’s contained in the waste as well as reducing the moisture content of the
wastes [24, 25]. The schematic of the working principle of autoclaving technology is
shown in Fig. 4. Autoclaving technology is also another form of mechanical heat
treatment (MHT) since it uses thermal and mechanical methods to treat wastes
Fig. 6.
Municipal solid waste autoclaving is one of the waste treatment techniques being
used to pretreat the recyclable component of the MSW and is often applied to the
residual wastes after recycling. The autoclaving system uses a combination of heat,
steam, pressure and mechanical rotation for the feed wastes in the chamber. The
most common autoclaving systems employed in the treatment of MSW are the steam
autoclaves. Steam autoclaves are steel horizontal-type devices that are designed to
operate safely under high temperatures and pressures.
Fig. 5 Plasma arc system (Adapted with permission from: [23])
Supercritical Water Gasification (SCWG) Technology for Municipal Solid Waste. . .
185