3.3 As Anti-inflammatory Agents
Inflammation occurs in the living body after some kind of physical abrasion or by
intrusion of tumor cells, viruses, and bacteria. Thus, it is a complex process that
demands stimulation of the immune system [82]. The application of synthetic agents
to impede inflammation has revealed some very promising results in the treatment of
type II diabetes [83]; howbeit, the chronic application of these agents has also led to
detrimental gastrointestinal effects [84], lung disease [85], and atherosclerosis
[86]. The employment of anti-inflammatory agents synthesized by microalgae
completely reduces the chronic infection caused by inflammation. Table 5
Table 4 Anticancerous properties of compound extracted from microalgae
Compound
Chemistry
Source
Reference
Nonyl 8-acetoxy-6methyloctanoate (NAMO)
Fatty alcohol
ester
P. tricornutum
Samarakoon et al. [66]
Decadienal, octadienal, and
heptadienal
Unsaturated
aldehydes
Skeletonema
marinoi
Sansone et al. [67]
Fucoxanthin
Carotenoid
Phaeodactylum
tricornutum
Liu et al. [68]
Astaxanthin
Carotenoid
Chlorococcum
sp.
Kim et al. [69]
β-Carotene
Carotenoid
Haematococcus
sp.
Davidi et al. [70]
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol
(MGDG)
Glycolipid
Gymnodinium
mikimotoi
Maeda et al. [71]
Digalactosyldiacylglycerol
(DGDG)
Glycolipid
Stephanodiscus
sp.
Hossain et al. [72]
Sulfo-quinovosyl-acyl-glycerol (SQAG)
Glycolipid
Stephanodiscus
sp.
Hossain et al. [72]
Sulfated polysaccharide
Β-(1,3)-glucan
Polysaccharide
Chlorella
vulgaris
Guzman et al. [73],
Nomoto et al. [74]
Sulfated polysaccharide
Polysaccharide
Isochrysis
galbana
Porphyridium
sp.
Gyrodinium
Impudicum
Sadovskaya et al. [75],
Matsui et al. [76], Bae
et al. [77]
Extracellular polysaccharide
s-Spirulina
Polysaccharide
Arthrospira
platensis
Challouf et al. [78]
Phycobiliproteins
Proteins
Porphyridium
sp.
Romay et al. [79],
Zheng et al. [80]
Acetone extract
S. marinoi
FE60/2
Lauritano et al. [58]
Fucoidan
Fucose-rich sulfated hetero
polysaccharide
S. polycystum
Palanisamy et al. [81]
Applications and Efficacy of Exceptional Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae
169
Inflammation occurs in the living body after some kind of physical abrasion or by
intrusion of tumor cells, viruses, and bacteria. Thus, it is a complex process that
demands stimulation of the immune system [82]. The application of synthetic agents
to impede inflammation has revealed some very promising results in the treatment of
type II diabetes [83]; howbeit, the chronic application of these agents has also led to
detrimental gastrointestinal effects [84], lung disease [85], and atherosclerosis
[86]. The employment of anti-inflammatory agents synthesized by microalgae
completely reduces the chronic infection caused by inflammation. Table 5
Table 4 Anticancerous properties of compound extracted from microalgae
Compound
Chemistry
Source
Reference
Nonyl 8-acetoxy-6methyloctanoate (NAMO)
Fatty alcohol
ester
P. tricornutum
Samarakoon et al. [66]
Decadienal, octadienal, and
heptadienal
Unsaturated
aldehydes
Skeletonema
marinoi
Sansone et al. [67]
Fucoxanthin
Carotenoid
Phaeodactylum
tricornutum
Liu et al. [68]
Astaxanthin
Carotenoid
Chlorococcum
sp.
Kim et al. [69]
β-Carotene
Carotenoid
Haematococcus
sp.
Davidi et al. [70]
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol
(MGDG)
Glycolipid
Gymnodinium
mikimotoi
Maeda et al. [71]
Digalactosyldiacylglycerol
(DGDG)
Glycolipid
Stephanodiscus
sp.
Hossain et al. [72]
Sulfo-quinovosyl-acyl-glycerol (SQAG)
Glycolipid
Stephanodiscus
sp.
Hossain et al. [72]
Sulfated polysaccharide
Β-(1,3)-glucan
Polysaccharide
Chlorella
vulgaris
Guzman et al. [73],
Nomoto et al. [74]
Sulfated polysaccharide
Polysaccharide
Isochrysis
galbana
Porphyridium
sp.
Gyrodinium
Impudicum
Sadovskaya et al. [75],
Matsui et al. [76], Bae
et al. [77]
Extracellular polysaccharide
s-Spirulina
Polysaccharide
Arthrospira
platensis
Challouf et al. [78]
Phycobiliproteins
Proteins
Porphyridium
sp.
Romay et al. [79],
Zheng et al. [80]
Acetone extract
S. marinoi
FE60/2
Lauritano et al. [58]
Fucoidan
Fucose-rich sulfated hetero
polysaccharide
S. polycystum
Palanisamy et al. [81]
Applications and Efficacy of Exceptional Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae
169