Table 2
(continued)
Process/inputs
Value
Unit
Comment
Oil extraction: outputs (kg
À1 algae oil)
Algae oil
1
kg
Primary output of the process. Allocated
based on the high heat value (HHV) of
16,200 BTU/lb
Algae residue (oilcake)
1.87
kg
Co-product of algae oil production. Allocated
based on the HHV of 6107 BTU/lb (21)
Low value lipids
0.67
kg
Co-product of algae oil production. Allocated
based on the HHV of 16,000 BTU/lb
(assumed to be comparable to biodiesel)
Wastewater
17.35
l
The slurry contains 80% water and 20% solids.
The water is sent to a treatment facility. Out
of the 20% solids, about 3% remain in the
water and are also sent to wastewater
treatment. Chemical A is removed as
wastewater also
Hexane losses
0.0038
kg
A small amount of hexane is lost during the oil
extraction as fugitive emissions
Conversion to biodiesel: Transesterification from GREET 1_2011
Biodiesel combustion: Combustion in a CIDI vehicle from GREET 1_2011
a
Source: Adopted from Passell et al. [63]. With permission from Elsevier. Copyright© 2019. License Number:
4507511459623
Fig. 5 Selection of “Professional” database
144
Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha et al.