a megadiverse region. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 73–93. https://doi.org/10.1093/
acprof:oso/9780199679584.003.0004
Courchamp F, Pascal M, Chapuis JL (2003) Mammal invaders on islands, impact, control and
control impact. Biol Rev 78:347–383. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793102006061
Davies SJ, Clusella-Trullas S, Hui C, McGeoch MA (2013) Farm dams facilitate amphibian
invasion. Austral Ecol 38:851–863. https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12022
Davies SJ, Jordaan MS, Karsten M et al (2020) Experience and lessons from alien and invasive
animal control projects in South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson
JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 625–660.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_22
De Graaf G (1981) The rodents of southern Africa: notes on their identification, distribution,
ecology and taxonomy. Butterworth, Durban
De Lange WJ, van Wilgen BW (2010) An economic assessment of the contribution of biological
control to the management of invasive alien plants and to the protection of ecosystem services in
South Africa. Biol Invasions 12:4113–4124
de Villiers FA, de Kock M, de Measey GJ (2016) Controlling the African clawed frog Xenopus
laevis to conserve the Cape platanna Xenopus gilli in South Africa. Conserv Evid 13:17
De Wit M, Crookes D, van Wilgen BW (2001) Conflicts of interest in environmental management:
estimating the costs and benefits of a tree invasion. Biol Invasions 3:167–178. https://doi.org/10.
1023/A:1014563702261
Dean WRJ, Anderson MD, Milton SJ, Anderson TA (2002) Avian assemblages in native Acacia
and alien Prosopis drainage line woodland in the Kalahari, South Africa. J Arid Environ
51:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2001.0910
Dilley BJ, Schoombie S, Schoombie J, Ryan PG (2016) “Scalping” of albatross fledglings by
introduced mice spreads rapidly at Marion Island. Antarct Sci 28:73–80. https://doi.org/10.
1017/S0954102015000486
Ellender BR, Weyl OLF (2014) A review of current knowledge, risk and ecological impacts
associated with non-native freshwater fish introductions in South Africa. Aquat Invasions
9:117–132. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2014.9.2.01
Ellender BR, Rivers-Moore NA, Coppinger CR et al (2016) Towards using thermal stress thresholds to predict salmonid invasion potential. Biol Invasions 18:513–3525. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s10530-016-1244-9
Ellender BR, Wasserman RJ, Chakona A et al (2017) A review of the biology and status of Cape
Fold Ecoregion freshwater fishes. Aquat Conserv 27:867–879
Ellender BR, Weyl OLF, Alexander ME et al (2018) Out of the pot and into the fire: explaining the
vulnerability of an endangered small headwater stream fish to black-bass Micropterus spp.
invasion. J Fish Biol 92:1035–1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13562
Evans T, Kumschick S, Blackburn TM (2016) Application of the environmental impact classification
for Alien Taxa (EICAT) to a global assessment of alien bird impacts. Divers Distrib 22:919–931
Firmat C, Alibert P, Losseau M et al (2013) Successive invasion-mediated interspecific hybridizations and population structure in the endangered cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus. PLoS One
8:e63880. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063880
Fitzgerald BM, Veitch CR (1985) The cats of Herekopare Island, New Zealand: their history,
ecology and effects on birdlife. New Zeal J Zool 12:319–330. https://doi.org/10.1080/
03014223.1985.10428285
Frest TJ, Sanders Rhodes R (1982) Oxychilus draparnaldi in Iowa. Nautilus 96:36–39
Furman B, Cauret C, Colby G et al (2017) Limited genomic consequences of hybridization between
two African clawed frogs, Xenopus gilli and X. laevis (Anura: Pipidae). Sci Rep 7:1091. https://
doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01104-9
Greve M, Mathakutha R, Steyn C, Chown SL (2017) Terrestrial invasions on sub-Antarctic Marion
and Prince Edward Islands. Bothalia 47:a2143. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2143
Greve M, von der Meden CEO, Janion-Scheepers C (2020) Biological invasions in South Africa’s
offshore sub-Antarctic territories. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR,
Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 205–226. https://
doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_8
17 An Evaluation of the Impacts of Alien Species on Biodiversity
507
acprof:oso/9780199679584.003.0004
Courchamp F, Pascal M, Chapuis JL (2003) Mammal invaders on islands, impact, control and
control impact. Biol Rev 78:347–383. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793102006061
Davies SJ, Clusella-Trullas S, Hui C, McGeoch MA (2013) Farm dams facilitate amphibian
invasion. Austral Ecol 38:851–863. https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12022
Davies SJ, Jordaan MS, Karsten M et al (2020) Experience and lessons from alien and invasive
animal control projects in South Africa. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson
JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 625–660.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_22
De Graaf G (1981) The rodents of southern Africa: notes on their identification, distribution,
ecology and taxonomy. Butterworth, Durban
De Lange WJ, van Wilgen BW (2010) An economic assessment of the contribution of biological
control to the management of invasive alien plants and to the protection of ecosystem services in
South Africa. Biol Invasions 12:4113–4124
de Villiers FA, de Kock M, de Measey GJ (2016) Controlling the African clawed frog Xenopus
laevis to conserve the Cape platanna Xenopus gilli in South Africa. Conserv Evid 13:17
De Wit M, Crookes D, van Wilgen BW (2001) Conflicts of interest in environmental management:
estimating the costs and benefits of a tree invasion. Biol Invasions 3:167–178. https://doi.org/10.
1023/A:1014563702261
Dean WRJ, Anderson MD, Milton SJ, Anderson TA (2002) Avian assemblages in native Acacia
and alien Prosopis drainage line woodland in the Kalahari, South Africa. J Arid Environ
51:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2001.0910
Dilley BJ, Schoombie S, Schoombie J, Ryan PG (2016) “Scalping” of albatross fledglings by
introduced mice spreads rapidly at Marion Island. Antarct Sci 28:73–80. https://doi.org/10.
1017/S0954102015000486
Ellender BR, Weyl OLF (2014) A review of current knowledge, risk and ecological impacts
associated with non-native freshwater fish introductions in South Africa. Aquat Invasions
9:117–132. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2014.9.2.01
Ellender BR, Rivers-Moore NA, Coppinger CR et al (2016) Towards using thermal stress thresholds to predict salmonid invasion potential. Biol Invasions 18:513–3525. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s10530-016-1244-9
Ellender BR, Wasserman RJ, Chakona A et al (2017) A review of the biology and status of Cape
Fold Ecoregion freshwater fishes. Aquat Conserv 27:867–879
Ellender BR, Weyl OLF, Alexander ME et al (2018) Out of the pot and into the fire: explaining the
vulnerability of an endangered small headwater stream fish to black-bass Micropterus spp.
invasion. J Fish Biol 92:1035–1050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13562
Evans T, Kumschick S, Blackburn TM (2016) Application of the environmental impact classification
for Alien Taxa (EICAT) to a global assessment of alien bird impacts. Divers Distrib 22:919–931
Firmat C, Alibert P, Losseau M et al (2013) Successive invasion-mediated interspecific hybridizations and population structure in the endangered cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus. PLoS One
8:e63880. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063880
Fitzgerald BM, Veitch CR (1985) The cats of Herekopare Island, New Zealand: their history,
ecology and effects on birdlife. New Zeal J Zool 12:319–330. https://doi.org/10.1080/
03014223.1985.10428285
Frest TJ, Sanders Rhodes R (1982) Oxychilus draparnaldi in Iowa. Nautilus 96:36–39
Furman B, Cauret C, Colby G et al (2017) Limited genomic consequences of hybridization between
two African clawed frogs, Xenopus gilli and X. laevis (Anura: Pipidae). Sci Rep 7:1091. https://
doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01104-9
Greve M, Mathakutha R, Steyn C, Chown SL (2017) Terrestrial invasions on sub-Antarctic Marion
and Prince Edward Islands. Bothalia 47:a2143. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2143
Greve M, von der Meden CEO, Janion-Scheepers C (2020) Biological invasions in South Africa’s
offshore sub-Antarctic territories. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR,
Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 205–226. https://
doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_8
17 An Evaluation of the Impacts of Alien Species on Biodiversity
507