674
Benefit–cost analysis, 133
Benefits transfer, 137, 138
Best management practices (BMPs), 117, 118
BioCro model, 406
Bioenergy crops, 305
Biofuel production, 46
Biofuels, 222, 223, 308
Biophysical research, 596
Bottom-up methods, 36, 383
Boundaries
environmental, 36
food systems, 42
multifaceted, 34
and scales, 58
simple systems, 33
space, time and institution, 35
Butterfly effect, 40
C
California Energy Commission, 220
Canal systems, 286
Capitalization approach, 135
Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS)
technologies, 230
Carbon emissions, 222
Carrying capacity, 240, 243, 248
Cascading impacts, 310
Causal and mechanistic models, 436
Central Arizona Project, 286
Centralized animal feeding operations
(CAFOs), 501
Charcoal, 543
Chehalis Basin Flood Authority, 570
Chesapeake Bay, 230
Chronic insecurity, 68, 69
Cities, explanation, 486
Civil society
energy systems, 495
food systems, 494
water systems, 494
Clean Air Act (CAA), 213
Clean Water Act (CWA), 213, 218, 605
Clean Water Rule of 2015, 217
Climate change, 17–18
agricultural pests, 306
cascades, 310
CO 2 emissions, 306
droughts, 303, 311
energy and food systems, 299
FEW systems, 297–299, 301
food crops and farm animals, 306
food production, 306
GHGs, 298, 299
glacier ice, 302
human consumption, water, 303
human-induced changes, 298
human populations, 304
impacts, 301, 304
IPCC, 300, 301
mid- and low-latitude regions, 309
precipitation and water flows, 303
regional climates and conditions, 301
scientific confidence, 300
water- and food-related activities, 310
water cycle, 302–303
Climate, land, energy, and water (CLEW), 318
Climate mitigation
agricultural settings, 317
CLEW, 318, 319
fossil fuels, 313
GCM, 318
GHGs, 313
global scale, 313
integrated, 317
NDCs, 312
policies, 312
water systems, 317
Climate models, 318, 443
Climate refugee, 563
Climate-weather research and forecasting
(CWRF) models, 405
Coal and mining, 277
Coal deposits, 200
Coalition for Publishing Data in the Earth and
Space Sciences (COPDESS), 388
Collaborative geodesign, 446–448, 475
Colorado River Compact, 201
Colorado River Controversy, 476, 477
Combined sewer overflows (CSOs),
289, 492
Commodity flow, 269
Commodity prices, 196
Communication experts, 468
Communities, 110
Communities of practice, 5
Community lifelines, 7
Community of interests, 172, 179
Community of Science and Practice (CoSiP),
473–475, 594
Comparable sales approach, 135
Comparative advantage, 190, 191
Compensation principle, 139
Complex systems
adaptive, 40
distributed natural and human controls, 38
emergence, 39
feedback, 39
Index
Benefit–cost analysis, 133
Benefits transfer, 137, 138
Best management practices (BMPs), 117, 118
BioCro model, 406
Bioenergy crops, 305
Biofuel production, 46
Biofuels, 222, 223, 308
Biophysical research, 596
Bottom-up methods, 36, 383
Boundaries
environmental, 36
food systems, 42
multifaceted, 34
and scales, 58
simple systems, 33
space, time and institution, 35
Butterfly effect, 40
C
California Energy Commission, 220
Canal systems, 286
Capitalization approach, 135
Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS)
technologies, 230
Carbon emissions, 222
Carrying capacity, 240, 243, 248
Cascading impacts, 310
Causal and mechanistic models, 436
Central Arizona Project, 286
Centralized animal feeding operations
(CAFOs), 501
Charcoal, 543
Chehalis Basin Flood Authority, 570
Chesapeake Bay, 230
Chronic insecurity, 68, 69
Cities, explanation, 486
Civil society
energy systems, 495
food systems, 494
water systems, 494
Clean Air Act (CAA), 213
Clean Water Act (CWA), 213, 218, 605
Clean Water Rule of 2015, 217
Climate change, 17–18
agricultural pests, 306
cascades, 310
CO 2 emissions, 306
droughts, 303, 311
energy and food systems, 299
FEW systems, 297–299, 301
food crops and farm animals, 306
food production, 306
GHGs, 298, 299
glacier ice, 302
human consumption, water, 303
human-induced changes, 298
human populations, 304
impacts, 301, 304
IPCC, 300, 301
mid- and low-latitude regions, 309
precipitation and water flows, 303
regional climates and conditions, 301
scientific confidence, 300
water- and food-related activities, 310
water cycle, 302–303
Climate, land, energy, and water (CLEW), 318
Climate mitigation
agricultural settings, 317
CLEW, 318, 319
fossil fuels, 313
GCM, 318
GHGs, 313
global scale, 313
integrated, 317
NDCs, 312
policies, 312
water systems, 317
Climate models, 318, 443
Climate refugee, 563
Climate-weather research and forecasting
(CWRF) models, 405
Coal and mining, 277
Coal deposits, 200
Coalition for Publishing Data in the Earth and
Space Sciences (COPDESS), 388
Collaborative geodesign, 446–448, 475
Colorado River Compact, 201
Colorado River Controversy, 476, 477
Combined sewer overflows (CSOs),
289, 492
Commodity flow, 269
Commodity prices, 196
Communication experts, 468
Communities, 110
Communities of practice, 5
Community lifelines, 7
Community of interests, 172, 179
Community of Science and Practice (CoSiP),
473–475, 594
Comparable sales approach, 135
Comparative advantage, 190, 191
Compensation principle, 139
Complex systems
adaptive, 40
distributed natural and human controls, 38
emergence, 39
feedback, 39
Index