664
Practice “The actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method, as opposed to
theories relating to it” (Oxford Dictionaries). In this book, practice refers to the
application of Nexus research to real-world problems.
Practitioners Scientists and nonscientists involved in the practice of application of
Nexus science to real-world problems.
Prediction A forecast of what is expected to happen. Compare to Projection.
Preemption (US Government) The US doctrine that federal law supersedes
conflicting state law, based in the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the US
Constitution. At the state level, preemption allows state law to supersede conflicting local (town and city) laws. Preemption may be express or implied.
Press Events Events that occur gradually and alter the system incrementally, such
as rising temperatures and sea levels, or gradual population decline. Press events
do not require people to react in a short amount of time. (In contrast, see Pulse
Events.)
Primacy (US Government) The authority of a US state to implement federal laws
after gaining federal approval of the state implementation plan.
Primary Data Data collected by researchers from the population of interest
(e.g., through surveys or experiments), for the purpose(s) of testing a specific
research question.
Primary Sector The natural resource extraction sector of the economy.
Private Data Privileged information that has not been made publicly available, and
to which the public has no legal right of access unless the private party explicitly
grants informed consent.
Private International Law International laws related to individuals and organizations, like corporations, when they move across international borders and operate
in different countries.
Private Sector The portion of the economy that is not under direct government
control, comprised of individuals and companies, and characterized by the intention of producing a profit.
Process Scale A type of spatial and temporal micro-scale that resolves the space
and time scale of operation of a process and involves the creation, transformation, or transportation of a specific product, good, or service, and implicates the
inputs and outputs of the process.
Producer Surplus The difference between the total cost a producer incurs to supply goods for and the revenue made when the goods are sold.
Product Preferences The preference of particular populations for particular products not based on the essential function of the products (e.g., a dietary preference
independent of nutritional value).
Production Input A terms used in economics to assign a value to inputs required
to achieve a certain level of production or output.
Profitability Trade-off Managing current assets and current liabilities in such a
way so that profitability will be optimum.
Projection An estimate of how a system is likely to behave under certain conditions and assumptions. Compare to Prediction.
Glossary
Practice “The actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method, as opposed to
theories relating to it” (Oxford Dictionaries). In this book, practice refers to the
application of Nexus research to real-world problems.
Practitioners Scientists and nonscientists involved in the practice of application of
Nexus science to real-world problems.
Prediction A forecast of what is expected to happen. Compare to Projection.
Preemption (US Government) The US doctrine that federal law supersedes
conflicting state law, based in the Supremacy Clause in Article VI of the US
Constitution. At the state level, preemption allows state law to supersede conflicting local (town and city) laws. Preemption may be express or implied.
Press Events Events that occur gradually and alter the system incrementally, such
as rising temperatures and sea levels, or gradual population decline. Press events
do not require people to react in a short amount of time. (In contrast, see Pulse
Events.)
Primacy (US Government) The authority of a US state to implement federal laws
after gaining federal approval of the state implementation plan.
Primary Data Data collected by researchers from the population of interest
(e.g., through surveys or experiments), for the purpose(s) of testing a specific
research question.
Primary Sector The natural resource extraction sector of the economy.
Private Data Privileged information that has not been made publicly available, and
to which the public has no legal right of access unless the private party explicitly
grants informed consent.
Private International Law International laws related to individuals and organizations, like corporations, when they move across international borders and operate
in different countries.
Private Sector The portion of the economy that is not under direct government
control, comprised of individuals and companies, and characterized by the intention of producing a profit.
Process Scale A type of spatial and temporal micro-scale that resolves the space
and time scale of operation of a process and involves the creation, transformation, or transportation of a specific product, good, or service, and implicates the
inputs and outputs of the process.
Producer Surplus The difference between the total cost a producer incurs to supply goods for and the revenue made when the goods are sold.
Product Preferences The preference of particular populations for particular products not based on the essential function of the products (e.g., a dietary preference
independent of nutritional value).
Production Input A terms used in economics to assign a value to inputs required
to achieve a certain level of production or output.
Profitability Trade-off Managing current assets and current liabilities in such a
way so that profitability will be optimum.
Projection An estimate of how a system is likely to behave under certain conditions and assumptions. Compare to Prediction.
Glossary