657
Hectare (Ha) Hectare is a metric unit of area equivalent to 10,000 m
2
, or a square
of 100 m on each side.
Helsinki Rules on the Uses of the Waters of International Rivers are nonbinding international guidelines of the use of transboundary rivers’ groundwater
which were codified in 1966 by the International Law Association. The Helsinki
Rules were superseded in 2004 by the Berlin Rules.
Hotspots Critical thematic topics or threatened locations for which the nexus
approach has the potential of strong societal impact. Note that the term “hotspot”
defined here is different than the statistical “hotspot” term which is used for
statistically significant clusters geolocated activities/events (e.g., crime/disease
hotspots).
Human Development Index An index of development that aggregates data on life
expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and
Gross National Income per capita.
Hydrocarbons Molecular chemicals composed of chains of carbon atoms with
associated hydrogen atoms. They are often used as fuels, such as methane (CH 4 )
and ethanol (C 2 H 6 O).
Hydrological Drought Drought conditions as measured by water found in streams,
lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater. Compare to agricultural drought and meteorological drought.
Hypothetical Bias A bias that exists when people report different behavior in
surveys or experiments when these decisions are hypothetical, then they would
when faced with the same decision in their daily lives.
Indaba A traditional South African dispute resolution mechanism that relies on
group identification and discussion of ideas from all participants.
Indicator Information based on measured data used to represent a particular attribute, characteristic, or property of a system.
Induced Innovation When the price of one input increases sharply relative to
the price of other inputs this stimulates developing innovative technologies that
reduce the use of the high price input.
Inelastic Demand Curve A relationship between demand and supply where significant changes in price does not lead to a corresponding significant change in
demand. The more inelastic the demand, the steeper the curve and the less quantity will react to a price change.
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) An index which modifies the three main metrics within the Human Development Index in accordance
with the degree of inequality in that index.
Information The answer to a question.
Information Theory The quantification of questions and answers.
Informed Consent The written explicit consent granted by a private party to allow
public release of private data or its use for a specifically defined purpose.
Infrastructure The physical and organizational apparatus that handles highvolume goods and services that require heavily capitalized, large-scale, durable,
reliable, shared, interdependent, and specialized systems that are highly efficient
and achieve low marginal costs. Compare to Hard, Soft, Green, Natural, Grey,
and Distributed Infrastructure.
Glossary
Hectare (Ha) Hectare is a metric unit of area equivalent to 10,000 m
2
, or a square
of 100 m on each side.
Helsinki Rules on the Uses of the Waters of International Rivers are nonbinding international guidelines of the use of transboundary rivers’ groundwater
which were codified in 1966 by the International Law Association. The Helsinki
Rules were superseded in 2004 by the Berlin Rules.
Hotspots Critical thematic topics or threatened locations for which the nexus
approach has the potential of strong societal impact. Note that the term “hotspot”
defined here is different than the statistical “hotspot” term which is used for
statistically significant clusters geolocated activities/events (e.g., crime/disease
hotspots).
Human Development Index An index of development that aggregates data on life
expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and
Gross National Income per capita.
Hydrocarbons Molecular chemicals composed of chains of carbon atoms with
associated hydrogen atoms. They are often used as fuels, such as methane (CH 4 )
and ethanol (C 2 H 6 O).
Hydrological Drought Drought conditions as measured by water found in streams,
lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater. Compare to agricultural drought and meteorological drought.
Hypothetical Bias A bias that exists when people report different behavior in
surveys or experiments when these decisions are hypothetical, then they would
when faced with the same decision in their daily lives.
Indaba A traditional South African dispute resolution mechanism that relies on
group identification and discussion of ideas from all participants.
Indicator Information based on measured data used to represent a particular attribute, characteristic, or property of a system.
Induced Innovation When the price of one input increases sharply relative to
the price of other inputs this stimulates developing innovative technologies that
reduce the use of the high price input.
Inelastic Demand Curve A relationship between demand and supply where significant changes in price does not lead to a corresponding significant change in
demand. The more inelastic the demand, the steeper the curve and the less quantity will react to a price change.
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) An index which modifies the three main metrics within the Human Development Index in accordance
with the degree of inequality in that index.
Information The answer to a question.
Information Theory The quantification of questions and answers.
Informed Consent The written explicit consent granted by a private party to allow
public release of private data or its use for a specifically defined purpose.
Infrastructure The physical and organizational apparatus that handles highvolume goods and services that require heavily capitalized, large-scale, durable,
reliable, shared, interdependent, and specialized systems that are highly efficient
and achieve low marginal costs. Compare to Hard, Soft, Green, Natural, Grey,
and Distributed Infrastructure.
Glossary