655
water capacity or use (e.g., for water treatment plants or by power plants) is often
stated as million gallons per day (MGD). Fuel economy is often stated in miles
per gallon (mpg).
Gender Development Index (GDI) An index that calculates separate Human
Development Indices for males and females.
Gender Inequality Index (GII) An index that utilizes metrics differentiated by
gender on health, empowerment, and labor.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) A framework for facilitation
international negotiations to regulate trade that operated from 1947 to 1995. It
was succeeded by the World Trade Organization.
General Circulation Model (GCM) A mathematical model of the earth’s climate
represented in a three-dimensional grid of cells defined by vertical layers and
horizontal elements over the globe. The number and thickness of layers above
and below the surface of the earth are defined within each GCM according to its
scientific objective.
Geodesign A collaborative design process that involves multiple stakeholders to
find an optimal solution for a problem that has a spatial component. For example, a land use geodesign project may include farmers, city planners as well as
water scientists to reach consensus on how to find an optimal solution for all
stakeholders.
GEOGLAM (Group on Earth Observations Global Agricultural Monitoring
Initiative) A global scale project launched by the Group of Twenty (G20)
Agriculture Ministers in 2011.
Geophysical The physical components and interactions such as those involving the
earth’s atmosphere, water, and geology.
Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) An integrated assessment tool for
exploring consequences and responses to global change. Climate change is a global
issue that impacts all regions of the world and all sectors of the global economy.
Global Scale Modeling of an activity on a global scale involves data aggregation at spatial scales ranging from regions, states, or nations up to the planetary
boundary.
Global Warming Potential (GWP) The amount of heat a greenhouse gas traps in
the earth’s atmosphere compared to that of carbon dioxide. Because each greenhouse gas has a unique lifespan in the atmosphere, GWP is specific to a particular duration.
Globalization The process by which organizations, commerce, culture, and other
entities have greater international connections and impact.
GOSSYM An agricultural simulation model for cotton crop growth and yield,
developed by the USA Department of Agriculture.
Governance The processes by which communities of people develop and achieve
specific ends. As such, governance refer to the policies, laws, institutions, and
actions of governments at all levels. Governance also refers to rules and policies
that are developed by through groups of governmental bodies (e.g., an international treaty) and outside of formal governmental institutions (e.g., through
private corporations or civil society organizations).
Glossary
water capacity or use (e.g., for water treatment plants or by power plants) is often
stated as million gallons per day (MGD). Fuel economy is often stated in miles
per gallon (mpg).
Gender Development Index (GDI) An index that calculates separate Human
Development Indices for males and females.
Gender Inequality Index (GII) An index that utilizes metrics differentiated by
gender on health, empowerment, and labor.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) A framework for facilitation
international negotiations to regulate trade that operated from 1947 to 1995. It
was succeeded by the World Trade Organization.
General Circulation Model (GCM) A mathematical model of the earth’s climate
represented in a three-dimensional grid of cells defined by vertical layers and
horizontal elements over the globe. The number and thickness of layers above
and below the surface of the earth are defined within each GCM according to its
scientific objective.
Geodesign A collaborative design process that involves multiple stakeholders to
find an optimal solution for a problem that has a spatial component. For example, a land use geodesign project may include farmers, city planners as well as
water scientists to reach consensus on how to find an optimal solution for all
stakeholders.
GEOGLAM (Group on Earth Observations Global Agricultural Monitoring
Initiative) A global scale project launched by the Group of Twenty (G20)
Agriculture Ministers in 2011.
Geophysical The physical components and interactions such as those involving the
earth’s atmosphere, water, and geology.
Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM) An integrated assessment tool for
exploring consequences and responses to global change. Climate change is a global
issue that impacts all regions of the world and all sectors of the global economy.
Global Scale Modeling of an activity on a global scale involves data aggregation at spatial scales ranging from regions, states, or nations up to the planetary
boundary.
Global Warming Potential (GWP) The amount of heat a greenhouse gas traps in
the earth’s atmosphere compared to that of carbon dioxide. Because each greenhouse gas has a unique lifespan in the atmosphere, GWP is specific to a particular duration.
Globalization The process by which organizations, commerce, culture, and other
entities have greater international connections and impact.
GOSSYM An agricultural simulation model for cotton crop growth and yield,
developed by the USA Department of Agriculture.
Governance The processes by which communities of people develop and achieve
specific ends. As such, governance refer to the policies, laws, institutions, and
actions of governments at all levels. Governance also refers to rules and policies
that are developed by through groups of governmental bodies (e.g., an international treaty) and outside of formal governmental institutions (e.g., through
private corporations or civil society organizations).
Glossary