649
Conservation Agriculture A set of agricultural practices, especially soil management practices, which sustain the natural soil fertility, ecosystem functions, and
species diversity of farmland.
Consumer Goods Goods that are bought and used by consumers as opposed to
capital goods that are used to produce other goods.
Consumer Surplus The difference between the maximum price a consumer is
willing to pay to acquire a given quantity of goods less the price that is paid
summed over all quantities of the good consumed. It reflects consumer satisfaction of paying lower prices for goods.
Consumption (Water) The difference between water withdrawn from a watershed
and the quantity of water that is returned to the same watershed in liquid form.
Generally, water consumption is due to evaporation and evapotranspiration or its
embodiment in some product (e.g., food). See Withdrawal (Water).
Cool Roofs A roof of a building that is designed to reflect more sunlight and absorb
less heat than a standard roof, typically utilizing either highly reflective paint,
tiles or shingles, sheet coverings, or protective coatings.
Cornucopian A view of the challenges of providing resources for a population that
emphasizes the ability of humans to develop solutions, especially technological
solutions, that provide more resources (in contrast to a neo-Malthusian view).
Correlative Rights A legal doctrine whereby the owners of adjoining areas of land,
or the governments of adjacent regions, recognize each other’s rights to shared
resources like a water-body or aquifer that extends across the border between the
two owners or governments.
Cost–Benefit Analysis A technique designed to determine the feasibility of a project
or plan by quantifying its costs and benefits.
Couplings The points of contact between different systems or subsystems.
Cryosphere The frozen water parts of the earth system including all places composed of ice and snow such as ice caps; ice sheets; glaciers; permafrost; frozen
seas, lakes and rivers; icebergs; and snowfields.
Cubic Foot (ft
3
, cu-ft, or CF) Cubic foot is an imperial unit of volume, equivalent
to 28.3168 L. Natural gas is often measured in million cubic feet (MCF) or trillion cubic feet (TCF).
Cubic Meter (m
3
) A metric unit of volume, defined as a cube with sides of one
meter. A cubic meter is equivalent to 1000 L or 220 gallons.
Cultural Ecosystem Services Ecosystem services that have physical, emotional,
artistic, recreational, religious, or other values important to the social behavior
of human communities.
Customary International Law Obligations between nations rooted in established
or “customary” practices.
Data Useful facts and assumptions, and in the digital era, these facts and assumptions are usually (but not always) quantitative and numeric in nature.
Data Ethics Principles that stipulate that data collection and use must yield benefits to the object of the data (not the subjects conduction analysis) that outweigh
the risks to the object of the data.
Glossary
Conservation Agriculture A set of agricultural practices, especially soil management practices, which sustain the natural soil fertility, ecosystem functions, and
species diversity of farmland.
Consumer Goods Goods that are bought and used by consumers as opposed to
capital goods that are used to produce other goods.
Consumer Surplus The difference between the maximum price a consumer is
willing to pay to acquire a given quantity of goods less the price that is paid
summed over all quantities of the good consumed. It reflects consumer satisfaction of paying lower prices for goods.
Consumption (Water) The difference between water withdrawn from a watershed
and the quantity of water that is returned to the same watershed in liquid form.
Generally, water consumption is due to evaporation and evapotranspiration or its
embodiment in some product (e.g., food). See Withdrawal (Water).
Cool Roofs A roof of a building that is designed to reflect more sunlight and absorb
less heat than a standard roof, typically utilizing either highly reflective paint,
tiles or shingles, sheet coverings, or protective coatings.
Cornucopian A view of the challenges of providing resources for a population that
emphasizes the ability of humans to develop solutions, especially technological
solutions, that provide more resources (in contrast to a neo-Malthusian view).
Correlative Rights A legal doctrine whereby the owners of adjoining areas of land,
or the governments of adjacent regions, recognize each other’s rights to shared
resources like a water-body or aquifer that extends across the border between the
two owners or governments.
Cost–Benefit Analysis A technique designed to determine the feasibility of a project
or plan by quantifying its costs and benefits.
Couplings The points of contact between different systems or subsystems.
Cryosphere The frozen water parts of the earth system including all places composed of ice and snow such as ice caps; ice sheets; glaciers; permafrost; frozen
seas, lakes and rivers; icebergs; and snowfields.
Cubic Foot (ft
3
, cu-ft, or CF) Cubic foot is an imperial unit of volume, equivalent
to 28.3168 L. Natural gas is often measured in million cubic feet (MCF) or trillion cubic feet (TCF).
Cubic Meter (m
3
) A metric unit of volume, defined as a cube with sides of one
meter. A cubic meter is equivalent to 1000 L or 220 gallons.
Cultural Ecosystem Services Ecosystem services that have physical, emotional,
artistic, recreational, religious, or other values important to the social behavior
of human communities.
Customary International Law Obligations between nations rooted in established
or “customary” practices.
Data Useful facts and assumptions, and in the digital era, these facts and assumptions are usually (but not always) quantitative and numeric in nature.
Data Ethics Principles that stipulate that data collection and use must yield benefits to the object of the data (not the subjects conduction analysis) that outweigh
the risks to the object of the data.
Glossary