336
Meso-scale energy systems:
• Human communities like cities, including all of the energy generation, importation, storage, transmission, conversion and consumption within the boundaries
of the community.
• Particular energy resources, fuels, and energy products (e.g., electricity
systems).
• City regulations placed on energy sourcing, quality, greenhouse gas emissions.
• Major electrical power plant, fuel refinery, bulk fuel storage, and oil and gas field
infrastructure.
• Labor organizations of workers in energy systems.
• Government agencies that regulate energy systems.
Meso-scale water systems:
• Irrigation systems for agricultural districts.
• Human communities like cities and municipalities, including all of the water
production and collection, importation, storage, transmission, distribution, consumption, disposal, and post-disposal treatment within the boundaries of the
community.
• City water resource planning including infrastructure and also ownership and
management of water resources, water rights, and large water facilities.
• Groundwater systems which drive the evolution of aquifers or the movement of
pollutants.
• Aquatic ecosystems where water quantity, quality, and movement impact an
essential natural resource.
• Large dams and hydropower facilities.
• Most “water transfers.”
• Watersheds, water basins, drainage basins and catchment areas where the water
flows in a given area go to a common outlet such as a reservoir or a bay.
• State and regional water policy advocacy groups, along with some national
governance.
12.3.2.3 Macro-scale
In Macro-scale systems, the average state and the fluctuations around averages and
trends in average are dominant considerations, rather than the individual granular
details. This includes large economic and political systems, international trading
systems, and global systems.
Macro-scale food system:
• Large agribusiness food systems which handle a set of crop and animal supply
chains serving multiple cities, regions, and/or nations.
• Bulk agricultural products and food product distribution infrastructure.
• National governance of market and nonmarket trade and exchange of food.
• Agricultural and food technology.
M. Carbajales-Dale et al.
Meso-scale energy systems:
• Human communities like cities, including all of the energy generation, importation, storage, transmission, conversion and consumption within the boundaries
of the community.
• Particular energy resources, fuels, and energy products (e.g., electricity
systems).
• City regulations placed on energy sourcing, quality, greenhouse gas emissions.
• Major electrical power plant, fuel refinery, bulk fuel storage, and oil and gas field
infrastructure.
• Labor organizations of workers in energy systems.
• Government agencies that regulate energy systems.
Meso-scale water systems:
• Irrigation systems for agricultural districts.
• Human communities like cities and municipalities, including all of the water
production and collection, importation, storage, transmission, distribution, consumption, disposal, and post-disposal treatment within the boundaries of the
community.
• City water resource planning including infrastructure and also ownership and
management of water resources, water rights, and large water facilities.
• Groundwater systems which drive the evolution of aquifers or the movement of
pollutants.
• Aquatic ecosystems where water quantity, quality, and movement impact an
essential natural resource.
• Large dams and hydropower facilities.
• Most “water transfers.”
• Watersheds, water basins, drainage basins and catchment areas where the water
flows in a given area go to a common outlet such as a reservoir or a bay.
• State and regional water policy advocacy groups, along with some national
governance.
12.3.2.3 Macro-scale
In Macro-scale systems, the average state and the fluctuations around averages and
trends in average are dominant considerations, rather than the individual granular
details. This includes large economic and political systems, international trading
systems, and global systems.
Macro-scale food system:
• Large agribusiness food systems which handle a set of crop and animal supply
chains serving multiple cities, regions, and/or nations.
• Bulk agricultural products and food product distribution infrastructure.
• National governance of market and nonmarket trade and exchange of food.
• Agricultural and food technology.
M. Carbajales-Dale et al.