283
Power generated by conventional technologies converted into high-voltage power
through a “step-up” substation and maintained in the transmission network through
high-voltage substations. This power serves industrial customers (138–230 kV) who
maintains their own substations for voltage adjustment and through a converter substation transferred to other transmission networks such as neighboring regional or
neighboring country network. This power also serves subtransmission (26–69 kV),
primary (4–13 kV), and secondary (120–240 V) customers through a distribution substation after the voltage is reduced for appropriate customer.
Power generated through renewable energy technologies is transferred to industrial customers by means of medium-voltage transmission lines. This also serves
subtransmission, primary, and secondary customers through a collector substation.
FEWSION only contains data on where it is generated (E) and where it is consumed (C), so an electricity flow in the FEWSION database is from Extraction
directly to Consumption (E → C) and identified with FEWSION code (FC) 2200000.
While the FEWSION database presents a simplified reality of electricity flows, the
above diagram shows the complexity involved in balancing electricity generation
with electricity consumption on the electric grid to make the E → C flow reliable
and cost efficient. Waste is generated at the point of generation (E), e.g., coal ash,
emissions, spent nuclear waste (FC: 5565000), wastewater (FC: 3330000), reclaimed
water (FC: 3340000), along the way through transmission and distribution loss, and
at the point of consumption (C) through heat loss.
Electricity is produced using several energy sources. Hydroelectric power uses
a river’s potential energy to turn a turbine-linked generator, either in dam-reservoir
or run-of-river implementations. It depends on river flows as an input. Thermoelectric
geothermal power uses the heat from the Earth’s molten interior to make steam or
otherwise turn a turbine-linked generator. Thermoelectric power usually uses
Fossil Fuel, making steam by burning primary fuels like coal, natural gas, oil to
turn a turbine-linked generator, and emitting large amounts of CO 2 and air pollutants
Fig. 10.6 The supply chain and infrastructure for electrical power. Used with permission of the
FEWSION project. [Sources: (US DOE, US EPA, Glover et al. 2012)]
10 Infrastructure
Power generated by conventional technologies converted into high-voltage power
through a “step-up” substation and maintained in the transmission network through
high-voltage substations. This power serves industrial customers (138–230 kV) who
maintains their own substations for voltage adjustment and through a converter substation transferred to other transmission networks such as neighboring regional or
neighboring country network. This power also serves subtransmission (26–69 kV),
primary (4–13 kV), and secondary (120–240 V) customers through a distribution substation after the voltage is reduced for appropriate customer.
Power generated through renewable energy technologies is transferred to industrial customers by means of medium-voltage transmission lines. This also serves
subtransmission, primary, and secondary customers through a collector substation.
FEWSION only contains data on where it is generated (E) and where it is consumed (C), so an electricity flow in the FEWSION database is from Extraction
directly to Consumption (E → C) and identified with FEWSION code (FC) 2200000.
While the FEWSION database presents a simplified reality of electricity flows, the
above diagram shows the complexity involved in balancing electricity generation
with electricity consumption on the electric grid to make the E → C flow reliable
and cost efficient. Waste is generated at the point of generation (E), e.g., coal ash,
emissions, spent nuclear waste (FC: 5565000), wastewater (FC: 3330000), reclaimed
water (FC: 3340000), along the way through transmission and distribution loss, and
at the point of consumption (C) through heat loss.
Electricity is produced using several energy sources. Hydroelectric power uses
a river’s potential energy to turn a turbine-linked generator, either in dam-reservoir
or run-of-river implementations. It depends on river flows as an input. Thermoelectric
geothermal power uses the heat from the Earth’s molten interior to make steam or
otherwise turn a turbine-linked generator. Thermoelectric power usually uses
Fossil Fuel, making steam by burning primary fuels like coal, natural gas, oil to
turn a turbine-linked generator, and emitting large amounts of CO 2 and air pollutants
Fig. 10.6 The supply chain and infrastructure for electrical power. Used with permission of the
FEWSION project. [Sources: (US DOE, US EPA, Glover et al. 2012)]
10 Infrastructure