70
Modern Food Microbiology
Table 4–4 Incidence/Prevalence of Arcobacter, Campylobacter, and Helicobacter spp. in Fresh
and Frozen Meats and Poultry
% Positive/
Product
Genus
Total Tested
Country
Reference
Pork
Arcobacter
32/200
United States
13
Beef cattle
Arcobacter butzleri
9/200
United States
75
Turkey meat
Arcobacter
77/391
United States
117
Broilers
Arcobacter
95/480
Belgium
88
Broilers, chickens
Arcobacter
60/25
Denmark
4
Chicken
Arcobacter
40/45
Mexico
181
Pork
Arcobacter
64/200
United States
134
Beef
Arcobacter
29/45
Mexico
181
Pork
Arcobacter
5/45
Mexico
181
Fresh chicken
Campylobacter
94/63
North Ireland
130
Frozen chicken
Campylobacter
77/44
North Ireland
130
Fresh chicken
Campylobacter
85/35
The Netherlands
42
Frozen chicken
Campylobacter
87/38
The Netherlands
42
Chicken meats
Campylobacter
83/90
United Kingdom
102
Lamb liver
Campylobacter
73/96
United Kingdom
102
Pork liver
Campylobacter
72/99
United Kingdom
102
Pork liver
Campylobacter
ca. 6/400
North Ireland
129
Ox liver
Campylobacter
54/96
United Kingdom
129
Retail pork
Campylobacter
1.3/384
United States
41
Broilers
Campylobacter
88/1,297
United States
177
Sheep carcasses
Campylobacter
1.3/470
Australia
179
Ground beef
Campylobacter
<1/563
United States
176
Swine samples
Campylobacter
0.99/202
United States
138
Turkey carcasses, pre-chill
Campylobacter
41.3/1,198
United States
115
Broilers
Campylobacter
27/12,233
United Kingdom
139
Fresh meats
Campylobacter
12/405
United States
167
Frozen meats
Campylobacter
2.3/396
United States
166
Chicken
Campylobacter
30/360
United States
166
Red meats
Campylobacter
5/1,800
United States
178
Beef cuts
Helicobacter pylori
0/20
United States
168
Rumen, mucosal samples
a
Helicobacter
0/105
United States
168
a Rumen and abomasum mucosal cattle samples.
chicken carcasses examined in Denmark.
4 A. cryaerophilus was recovered from 13 of the 25 carcasses,
and A. skirrowii from only two.
In their study of 200 fresh pork samples in the United States using different recovery methods,
Ohlendort and Murano
136 found that 20% of low-fat but only 4% of high-fat samples contained
Acrobacter spp.; and that these organisms were more frequently isolated from younger than older
hogs.
Wild and migratory birds also carry Campylobacter spp. Among 1,794 birds representing 107
species in Europe, 22.2% harbored Campylobacter spp. consisting of 5.6, 4.9, and 0.95% of C. lari,
C. jejuni, and C. coli, respectively.
182 The highest percentage of Campylobacter spp. was 76.8 among
Modern Food Microbiology
Table 4–4 Incidence/Prevalence of Arcobacter, Campylobacter, and Helicobacter spp. in Fresh
and Frozen Meats and Poultry
% Positive/
Product
Genus
Total Tested
Country
Reference
Pork
Arcobacter
32/200
United States
13
Beef cattle
Arcobacter butzleri
9/200
United States
75
Turkey meat
Arcobacter
77/391
United States
117
Broilers
Arcobacter
95/480
Belgium
88
Broilers, chickens
Arcobacter
60/25
Denmark
4
Chicken
Arcobacter
40/45
Mexico
181
Pork
Arcobacter
64/200
United States
134
Beef
Arcobacter
29/45
Mexico
181
Pork
Arcobacter
5/45
Mexico
181
Fresh chicken
Campylobacter
94/63
North Ireland
130
Frozen chicken
Campylobacter
77/44
North Ireland
130
Fresh chicken
Campylobacter
85/35
The Netherlands
42
Frozen chicken
Campylobacter
87/38
The Netherlands
42
Chicken meats
Campylobacter
83/90
United Kingdom
102
Lamb liver
Campylobacter
73/96
United Kingdom
102
Pork liver
Campylobacter
72/99
United Kingdom
102
Pork liver
Campylobacter
ca. 6/400
North Ireland
129
Ox liver
Campylobacter
54/96
United Kingdom
129
Retail pork
Campylobacter
1.3/384
United States
41
Broilers
Campylobacter
88/1,297
United States
177
Sheep carcasses
Campylobacter
1.3/470
Australia
179
Ground beef
Campylobacter
<1/563
United States
176
Swine samples
Campylobacter
0.99/202
United States
138
Turkey carcasses, pre-chill
Campylobacter
41.3/1,198
United States
115
Broilers
Campylobacter
27/12,233
United Kingdom
139
Fresh meats
Campylobacter
12/405
United States
167
Frozen meats
Campylobacter
2.3/396
United States
166
Chicken
Campylobacter
30/360
United States
166
Red meats
Campylobacter
5/1,800
United States
178
Beef cuts
Helicobacter pylori
0/20
United States
168
Rumen, mucosal samples
a
Helicobacter
0/105
United States
168
a Rumen and abomasum mucosal cattle samples.
chicken carcasses examined in Denmark.
4 A. cryaerophilus was recovered from 13 of the 25 carcasses,
and A. skirrowii from only two.
In their study of 200 fresh pork samples in the United States using different recovery methods,
Ohlendort and Murano
136 found that 20% of low-fat but only 4% of high-fat samples contained
Acrobacter spp.; and that these organisms were more frequently isolated from younger than older
hogs.
Wild and migratory birds also carry Campylobacter spp. Among 1,794 birds representing 107
species in Europe, 22.2% harbored Campylobacter spp. consisting of 5.6, 4.9, and 0.95% of C. lari,
C. jejuni, and C. coli, respectively.
182 The highest percentage of Campylobacter spp. was 76.8 among