Index
777
Pla-chom, 179
Pla-com, 179
Plagiorchiata, 690
Pla-mam, 179
Plank, R., 6
Pla-ra, 179
Plasmapara viticole, 135
Plate counts. See standard plate counts.
Platyhelminthes, 690
Plectomycetes, 27
Plesiomonas spp., 16, 735, 749
P. shigelloides, 43, 525, 735
Pneumolysin O, 603–604
Poi, 187
Poising capacity, defined, 50
Polyamino acids, 333
Polymerase chain reaction, 14–15,
243–263
multiplex, 242, 258–259
real-time, 242, 259–260
reverse transcription, 259
Polypaecilum spp., 31
Polyphosphates, 169, 304
Potato blight, 135
Potato products, microbes in, 127
Poultry meats, See also meats.
Arcobacter spp., 70
biota, 65, 88–89
Campylobacter, 70–71, 88
cooking, 502
E. coli 0157:H7, 74
L. monocytogenes, 71–72, 607
MAP, 358–359, 361
mechanically deboned, 75
New York dressed, 90
pH range, 44
salmonellae, 71–72
S. aureus, 89
spoilage, 81
Prebiotics, defined, 162
Predictive microbiology, 491–492
Prerequisite programs, 498
Prescott, S. C., 7
Preservative system, 325–326
Prevotella nigrescens, 750
Prions, 539, 737
BSE, 737–738
Creutfeldt-Jakob disease, 738–739
chronic wasting disease, 739
destruction, 738–739
detection, 738
Probiotics, defined, 161
beneficial effects, 161–163, 630
Processed meats, 73, 101–109
bacon, 103–105
bologna, 103–105
frankfurters (wieners), 104, 326–327
hams, 108–109
jerky, 104
salami/pepperoni outbreak, 109
sausage, 103–105
spoilage,
gassiness, 108
greening, 105, 107
yellowing, 105, 107
Proctor, B. E., 6
Progenitor toxin, 581
Proglottids, 693
Proline, 47–49
Propionibacterium spp., 15, 150, 397, 748
P. cyclohexanicum, 43
P. freudenreichii, 168
P. shermanii, 168
subsp. shermanii, 335
fermentation pathway, 151
olive spoilage, 181
Propionic acid/propionates, 302, 305
fermentation pathway, 164
mode of action, 305
Propioniflex spp., 747
Propylene oxide, 205, 302, 331
Propyl gallate, 321–322
Propylparabens, 301–303
Protective cultures, 336
Proteobacteria, defined, 15–16
Proteus spp., 17, 19, 25, 397
P. intermedium, 201
P. mirabilis, 341
P. morganii. See Morganella.
P. vulgaris, 201, 303
eggs, 201
meats, 65
Proton ionophoresis, 303
Proton motive force, 305, 529
Protozoal cells, ATP content, 247
Protozoal diseases, 679–690
amebiasis, 682–683
cryptosporidiosis, 687–689
cyclosporiasis, 689–690
giardiasis, 680–683
sarcocystis, 686–687
toxoplasmosis, 683–686
777
Pla-chom, 179
Pla-com, 179
Plagiorchiata, 690
Pla-mam, 179
Plank, R., 6
Pla-ra, 179
Plasmapara viticole, 135
Plate counts. See standard plate counts.
Platyhelminthes, 690
Plectomycetes, 27
Plesiomonas spp., 16, 735, 749
P. shigelloides, 43, 525, 735
Pneumolysin O, 603–604
Poi, 187
Poising capacity, defined, 50
Polyamino acids, 333
Polymerase chain reaction, 14–15,
243–263
multiplex, 242, 258–259
real-time, 242, 259–260
reverse transcription, 259
Polypaecilum spp., 31
Polyphosphates, 169, 304
Potato blight, 135
Potato products, microbes in, 127
Poultry meats, See also meats.
Arcobacter spp., 70
biota, 65, 88–89
Campylobacter, 70–71, 88
cooking, 502
E. coli 0157:H7, 74
L. monocytogenes, 71–72, 607
MAP, 358–359, 361
mechanically deboned, 75
New York dressed, 90
pH range, 44
salmonellae, 71–72
S. aureus, 89
spoilage, 81
Prebiotics, defined, 162
Predictive microbiology, 491–492
Prerequisite programs, 498
Prescott, S. C., 7
Preservative system, 325–326
Prevotella nigrescens, 750
Prions, 539, 737
BSE, 737–738
Creutfeldt-Jakob disease, 738–739
chronic wasting disease, 739
destruction, 738–739
detection, 738
Probiotics, defined, 161
beneficial effects, 161–163, 630
Processed meats, 73, 101–109
bacon, 103–105
bologna, 103–105
frankfurters (wieners), 104, 326–327
hams, 108–109
jerky, 104
salami/pepperoni outbreak, 109
sausage, 103–105
spoilage,
gassiness, 108
greening, 105, 107
yellowing, 105, 107
Proctor, B. E., 6
Progenitor toxin, 581
Proglottids, 693
Proline, 47–49
Propionibacterium spp., 15, 150, 397, 748
P. cyclohexanicum, 43
P. freudenreichii, 168
P. shermanii, 168
subsp. shermanii, 335
fermentation pathway, 151
olive spoilage, 181
Propionic acid/propionates, 302, 305
fermentation pathway, 164
mode of action, 305
Propioniflex spp., 747
Propylene oxide, 205, 302, 331
Propyl gallate, 321–322
Propylparabens, 301–303
Protective cultures, 336
Proteobacteria, defined, 15–16
Proteus spp., 17, 19, 25, 397
P. intermedium, 201
P. mirabilis, 341
P. morganii. See Morganella.
P. vulgaris, 201, 303
eggs, 201
meats, 65
Proton ionophoresis, 303
Proton motive force, 305, 529
Protozoal cells, ATP content, 247
Protozoal diseases, 679–690
amebiasis, 682–683
cryptosporidiosis, 687–689
cyclosporiasis, 689–690
giardiasis, 680–683
sarcocystis, 686–687
toxoplasmosis, 683–686