Index
755
Benzoic acid/benzoates, 301–303
effect on spores, 304
intermediate moisture foods, 450–451
mode of action, 303
Bergeyella spp., 749
Beta rays, defined, 372
Betabacterium spp., 153
B. vermiforme, 188
BIAcore, 271
Bier, L., 7
Bifidobacterium spp., 15, 485–486, 748
B. adolescentis, 486
B. bifidum, 485
Y ATP , 155
Y G , 155
B. infantis, 202
B. longum, 155, 161, 202, 486
bifidus milk, 485
compared to E. coli, 486
distribution, 486
growth, 485
Bigelow, W., 6
Bile pigments, 106
BIND test, 263
Bioassay methods. See also cell culture methods.
Anton test, 290, 671
diarrheal, 288–289
ferrets, 287–288
ileal loops, 286–287, 290, 534, 660, 667,
670, 734–735
infant mouse, 286
kitten emesis, 289
monkey emesis, 289
mouse lethality, 285–287
nude mice, 605–606
RITARD model, 291, 664
Sereny test, 290, 667–668, 671
skin tests, 289–290
suckling mouse, 288, 667, 732, 734
Suncus murinus, 287, 585
Biocontrol, defined, 333
bacteriophages, 340–341
lactic antagonism, 335–336
microbial interference, 56–57, 334
Biofilms, defined, 82, 90, 527–529
effect of sanitizers, 318
role of quorum sensing, 529
Bioghurt, 167
Biological coverings of foods, 54
Biosensors, defined, 269
fiber optics, 271
illustrated, 270
piezoelectric crystals, 269–271
surface plasmon resonance, 271
BioSys instrument, 275
Biota, defined, 64
Biotype, defined, 536
Biovar, defined, 536
Biphenyl, 331
Birdseye, C., 6
Bisulfite. See sulfur dioxide.
Black rot of peaches, 28
Black spot of meats, 28–30, 79, 109
Black water-soaked spot of lettuce, 130
Bladchan, 179
Blanching, 125, 375, 396–397, 443, 447
Blights of fruits/vegetables, 130, 135
Blown pack spoilage, 107
Bologna. See processed meats
Bondeau, 6
Bone taint of beef, 80
Bongkrek, 30, 191–192
bongkrekic acid, 191
Borden, G., 5
Botox, compared to tetanus toxin, 581
Bottled water, 210–211
coliforms, 210
E. coli, 210
fruit-flavored, 211
microbiota, 210
Bottom fermentation, defined, 150, 183
Botrytis spp., 17, 28–29, 102, 331, 722
B. allii, 134
B. cinerea, 29, 134–135
a w minimum, 46
pH growth minimum, 43
SO 2 effects, 306
“Botulinal cook”. See twelve D process.
Botulinal toxins. See C. botulinum.
Botulism, adult, 573–586
outbreaks/cases, 581–582
infant, 582–583
Bourbon whiskey, 186
Bouza beer, 187
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, 8,
737–738
Brachybacterium spp., 168, 747
Bradyzoites, 683, 686
“Bread molds”, 30
Breads, fermented, 179–180
Breath hydrogen test, 162–163
Breed count method, 226
755
Benzoic acid/benzoates, 301–303
effect on spores, 304
intermediate moisture foods, 450–451
mode of action, 303
Bergeyella spp., 749
Beta rays, defined, 372
Betabacterium spp., 153
B. vermiforme, 188
BIAcore, 271
Bier, L., 7
Bifidobacterium spp., 15, 485–486, 748
B. adolescentis, 486
B. bifidum, 485
Y ATP , 155
Y G , 155
B. infantis, 202
B. longum, 155, 161, 202, 486
bifidus milk, 485
compared to E. coli, 486
distribution, 486
growth, 485
Bigelow, W., 6
Bile pigments, 106
BIND test, 263
Bioassay methods. See also cell culture methods.
Anton test, 290, 671
diarrheal, 288–289
ferrets, 287–288
ileal loops, 286–287, 290, 534, 660, 667,
670, 734–735
infant mouse, 286
kitten emesis, 289
monkey emesis, 289
mouse lethality, 285–287
nude mice, 605–606
RITARD model, 291, 664
Sereny test, 290, 667–668, 671
skin tests, 289–290
suckling mouse, 288, 667, 732, 734
Suncus murinus, 287, 585
Biocontrol, defined, 333
bacteriophages, 340–341
lactic antagonism, 335–336
microbial interference, 56–57, 334
Biofilms, defined, 82, 90, 527–529
effect of sanitizers, 318
role of quorum sensing, 529
Bioghurt, 167
Biological coverings of foods, 54
Biosensors, defined, 269
fiber optics, 271
illustrated, 270
piezoelectric crystals, 269–271
surface plasmon resonance, 271
BioSys instrument, 275
Biota, defined, 64
Biotype, defined, 536
Biovar, defined, 536
Biphenyl, 331
Birdseye, C., 6
Bisulfite. See sulfur dioxide.
Black rot of peaches, 28
Black spot of meats, 28–30, 79, 109
Black water-soaked spot of lettuce, 130
Bladchan, 179
Blanching, 125, 375, 396–397, 443, 447
Blights of fruits/vegetables, 130, 135
Blown pack spoilage, 107
Bologna. See processed meats
Bondeau, 6
Bone taint of beef, 80
Bongkrek, 30, 191–192
bongkrekic acid, 191
Borden, G., 5
Botox, compared to tetanus toxin, 581
Bottled water, 210–211
coliforms, 210
E. coli, 210
fruit-flavored, 211
microbiota, 210
Bottom fermentation, defined, 150, 183
Botrytis spp., 17, 28–29, 102, 331, 722
B. allii, 134
B. cinerea, 29, 134–135
a w minimum, 46
pH growth minimum, 43
SO 2 effects, 306
“Botulinal cook”. See twelve D process.
Botulinal toxins. See C. botulinum.
Botulism, adult, 573–586
outbreaks/cases, 581–582
infant, 582–583
Bourbon whiskey, 186
Bouza beer, 187
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, 8,
737–738
Brachybacterium spp., 168, 747
Bradyzoites, 683, 686
“Bread molds”, 30
Breads, fermented, 179–180
Breath hydrogen test, 162–163
Breed count method, 226