l
Catalase positive, reduction of nitrate does not occur.
l
Gelatin hydrolyzed, lipolytic.
l
Acidification of glucose, fructose, D-mannose, maltose, ribose,
N-acetylglucosamine.
l
Energy sources comprise of fumarate, glucosamine, L-glutamate, L-malate, L-proline, L-tyrosine, succinate.
l
Phase I variants yield protoplasmic inclusions.
l
Luminous, emitting white light wavelengths, evident by dark
adapted eye.
l
Phase I variants produce pink, red, orange, yellow, or green
shaded colonies on nutrient agar, tryptic soy agar, egg yolk
agar. No red absorption in Phase II variants on MacConkey
agar and antibiotics production.
Characters of the Species
of Photorhabdus
Photorhabdus luminescens
l
Indole positive, acidify mannitol.
l
Generates weak acid from either fructose or N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, glycerol, maltose, mannose, ribose, and
trehalose.
l
Optimum temperature for growth is 35–39
C.
Photorhabdus temperata
l
DNase positive, indole negative.
l
Aesculin hydrolyzed and tryptophan deaminased, urease is
variable.
l
Acid yielded from fructose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, mannose, ribose. Weak acids produced from glycerol and maltose.
l
Annular hemolysis often happens on sheep and horse blood
agars.
l
D,L-Glycerate utilized as carbon source.
l
Colonies exceedingly luminous.
l
Grows well at 33–35
C.
Photorhabdus asymbiotica
l
They are not symbionts of nematodes, but show similarity with
symbiotic Photorhabdus.
l
Yellow or brown pigmentation.
l
Never absorb dyes, weakly generate antibiotics, negative for
lecithinase.
l
Positive for urease, aesculin hydrolysis, and for Christensen’s
citrate, faintly positive on Simmons’ citrate.
l
Tryptophan deaminase, indole, and DNase are negative
l
Acid from fructose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, maltose,
mannose, ribose, and weakly yielded from glycerol.
Morphological Characterization
119
Catalase positive, reduction of nitrate does not occur.
l
Gelatin hydrolyzed, lipolytic.
l
Acidification of glucose, fructose, D-mannose, maltose, ribose,
N-acetylglucosamine.
l
Energy sources comprise of fumarate, glucosamine, L-glutamate, L-malate, L-proline, L-tyrosine, succinate.
l
Phase I variants yield protoplasmic inclusions.
l
Luminous, emitting white light wavelengths, evident by dark
adapted eye.
l
Phase I variants produce pink, red, orange, yellow, or green
shaded colonies on nutrient agar, tryptic soy agar, egg yolk
agar. No red absorption in Phase II variants on MacConkey
agar and antibiotics production.
Characters of the Species
of Photorhabdus
Photorhabdus luminescens
l
Indole positive, acidify mannitol.
l
Generates weak acid from either fructose or N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, glycerol, maltose, mannose, ribose, and
trehalose.
l
Optimum temperature for growth is 35–39
C.
Photorhabdus temperata
l
DNase positive, indole negative.
l
Aesculin hydrolyzed and tryptophan deaminased, urease is
variable.
l
Acid yielded from fructose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, mannose, ribose. Weak acids produced from glycerol and maltose.
l
Annular hemolysis often happens on sheep and horse blood
agars.
l
D,L-Glycerate utilized as carbon source.
l
Colonies exceedingly luminous.
l
Grows well at 33–35
C.
Photorhabdus asymbiotica
l
They are not symbionts of nematodes, but show similarity with
symbiotic Photorhabdus.
l
Yellow or brown pigmentation.
l
Never absorb dyes, weakly generate antibiotics, negative for
lecithinase.
l
Positive for urease, aesculin hydrolysis, and for Christensen’s
citrate, faintly positive on Simmons’ citrate.
l
Tryptophan deaminase, indole, and DNase are negative
l
Acid from fructose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, maltose,
mannose, ribose, and weakly yielded from glycerol.
Morphological Characterization
119