Higher Education Institutions as Drivers of Sustainable …
815
Table 3 Physical
characteristics of the Itapocu
River Basin
Characteristics
Results
Itapocu river drainage area
2888.838 km 2
Itajuba river incremental area
30.958 km 2
Basin perimeter
524.22 km
Compactness coefficient
2.76
Shape factor
0.14
Itapocu river length
86.80 km
Drainage density
1.76
Average declivity
10.77°
Source de Albuquerque Junior et al. (2018)
mining, especially sand and clay extraction; the textile and steel industries, and small
businesses. Due to the region’s complexity and the community’s high dependency
on the river’s basin, it is fundamental that climate issues are taken into account.
An important part of the reports regards extreme climatic events and anthropogenic
actions, which might have hazardous consequences for the basin, and finally conservation measures which already existed before the management actions proposed by
the reports. These topics will be discussed below.
The most common extreme climatic events that occur in the basin are floods and
landslides. The main cause of floods was considered to be the occupation of areas
that once were water storages, therefore being caused by human action. As for the
landslides, the accounted reason was the varied lithology from which the substrate
is formed, therefore being a natural reason, not caused by human action. However,
these natural erosive processes that result in sediments when associated with human
actions, such as the presence of pesticides, can deeply affect both fauna and flora as
well as human activities.
Unmanaged human action, such as urbanization, have made the basin more fragile
to extreme natural events as well as the consequences of anthropogenic action itself.
The reports highlight the exposure of soil masses, due to the extraction of clay and
sand, making the basin more prone to landslides. Another factor is that 40% of the
basin is occupied with human structures and activities. Besides urbanization and
mining, agriculture, pasture and reforestation also contributed to erosion and soil
degradation. Before the implementation of this management project, the Itapocu
basin had 11 conservation units.
4.1.2 Project Development and Objectives of the Water Resources Plan
of the Itapocu River Basin
The following section was written having as reference reports D, E and the synthesis
report of the Water Resources Plan of the Itapocu River Basin (de Albuquerque Junior
et al. 2017c, d, 2018). The selected goals and measures were chosen by the authors
815
Table 3 Physical
characteristics of the Itapocu
River Basin
Characteristics
Results
Itapocu river drainage area
2888.838 km 2
Itajuba river incremental area
30.958 km 2
Basin perimeter
524.22 km
Compactness coefficient
2.76
Shape factor
0.14
Itapocu river length
86.80 km
Drainage density
1.76
Average declivity
10.77°
Source de Albuquerque Junior et al. (2018)
mining, especially sand and clay extraction; the textile and steel industries, and small
businesses. Due to the region’s complexity and the community’s high dependency
on the river’s basin, it is fundamental that climate issues are taken into account.
An important part of the reports regards extreme climatic events and anthropogenic
actions, which might have hazardous consequences for the basin, and finally conservation measures which already existed before the management actions proposed by
the reports. These topics will be discussed below.
The most common extreme climatic events that occur in the basin are floods and
landslides. The main cause of floods was considered to be the occupation of areas
that once were water storages, therefore being caused by human action. As for the
landslides, the accounted reason was the varied lithology from which the substrate
is formed, therefore being a natural reason, not caused by human action. However,
these natural erosive processes that result in sediments when associated with human
actions, such as the presence of pesticides, can deeply affect both fauna and flora as
well as human activities.
Unmanaged human action, such as urbanization, have made the basin more fragile
to extreme natural events as well as the consequences of anthropogenic action itself.
The reports highlight the exposure of soil masses, due to the extraction of clay and
sand, making the basin more prone to landslides. Another factor is that 40% of the
basin is occupied with human structures and activities. Besides urbanization and
mining, agriculture, pasture and reforestation also contributed to erosion and soil
degradation. Before the implementation of this management project, the Itapocu
basin had 11 conservation units.
4.1.2 Project Development and Objectives of the Water Resources Plan
of the Itapocu River Basin
The following section was written having as reference reports D, E and the synthesis
report of the Water Resources Plan of the Itapocu River Basin (de Albuquerque Junior
et al. 2017c, d, 2018). The selected goals and measures were chosen by the authors