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I. N. Carlotto and M. A. P. Dinis
global course of action for eradicating poverty, promoting prosperity and well-being,
protecting the environment, and tackling climate change (UN 2015). The principle of
dignity is the flagship of this initiative and is part of a new sustainable development
agenda.
Concerning the development and maintenance of an environmentally conscious
and integral understanding of health, SDG 3 focuses on broad issues and covers all
areas of action within health care. The initiatives associated with this SDG involve
the reduction of maternal and infant mortality rates, decreases in sexually transmitted infections such as the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS), as well as in rates
of tuberculosis, malaria, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases, the prevention and reduction of substance abuse, improved ethics, equity, accessibility and
universality of access to health services, the reduction and prevention of mortality
from cardiovascular diseases and trauma, and the establishment of local and global
partnerships for risk reduction and management.
A direct relationship can be established between this objective and educationbased objectives within the framework of the 17 SDGs, since health, like education,
can have an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary dialogue with several areas of
knowledge (Carlotto and Dinis 2017).
Bioethics is included within this interface, since the principal theory of the goals
defends bioethical principles so that human beings may enjoys life with dignity
(Beauchamp and Childress 1979).
Bioethics elucidates the ethical problems that arise in public health, health care,
and health research. Bioethics is not an empirical discipline, but a normative one. As
a normative discipline, bioethics examines what “ought to be,” which often differs
from what, in fact, “is.” Bioethics is not a code of precepts, but it is a discipline that
consists of analytical activity and is based on principles and ethical criteria meant to
guide practices in the different fields of health.
Bioethical analyses are carried out on the basis of fundamental values such as
respect for human beings and their ability to make decisions for themselves based on
their values and beliefs, the well- being of people and populations, and justice. These
analyses must take into account specific contexts and particular situations, identify
all of the morally relevant elements, and seek coherence (PAHO 2012).
In order to achieve and promote progress, the role of bioethics must be clarified for
the public at large. A campaign on this topic must precisely explain the applications
of bioethics in the different areas of health care and ensure a political commitment
to integration ethics in health.
Several mechanisms have been proposed to incorporate ethics into the different
fields of health care in a substantial and systematic way. These mechanisms include
the strengthening of bioethical tools and emphasizing the application of bioethical
analysis, prioritizing the training of policymakers and staff members of government
health agencies, continuing to identify and assess existing tools, focusing on activities
meant to effectively meet specific health needs, creating and strengthening national
and regional networks, and developing a common agenda that integrates the different
efforts in progress so that those involved can make progress (Garrafa 2005).
I. N. Carlotto and M. A. P. Dinis
global course of action for eradicating poverty, promoting prosperity and well-being,
protecting the environment, and tackling climate change (UN 2015). The principle of
dignity is the flagship of this initiative and is part of a new sustainable development
agenda.
Concerning the development and maintenance of an environmentally conscious
and integral understanding of health, SDG 3 focuses on broad issues and covers all
areas of action within health care. The initiatives associated with this SDG involve
the reduction of maternal and infant mortality rates, decreases in sexually transmitted infections such as the human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS), as well as in rates
of tuberculosis, malaria, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases, the prevention and reduction of substance abuse, improved ethics, equity, accessibility and
universality of access to health services, the reduction and prevention of mortality
from cardiovascular diseases and trauma, and the establishment of local and global
partnerships for risk reduction and management.
A direct relationship can be established between this objective and educationbased objectives within the framework of the 17 SDGs, since health, like education,
can have an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary dialogue with several areas of
knowledge (Carlotto and Dinis 2017).
Bioethics is included within this interface, since the principal theory of the goals
defends bioethical principles so that human beings may enjoys life with dignity
(Beauchamp and Childress 1979).
Bioethics elucidates the ethical problems that arise in public health, health care,
and health research. Bioethics is not an empirical discipline, but a normative one. As
a normative discipline, bioethics examines what “ought to be,” which often differs
from what, in fact, “is.” Bioethics is not a code of precepts, but it is a discipline that
consists of analytical activity and is based on principles and ethical criteria meant to
guide practices in the different fields of health.
Bioethical analyses are carried out on the basis of fundamental values such as
respect for human beings and their ability to make decisions for themselves based on
their values and beliefs, the well- being of people and populations, and justice. These
analyses must take into account specific contexts and particular situations, identify
all of the morally relevant elements, and seek coherence (PAHO 2012).
In order to achieve and promote progress, the role of bioethics must be clarified for
the public at large. A campaign on this topic must precisely explain the applications
of bioethics in the different areas of health care and ensure a political commitment
to integration ethics in health.
Several mechanisms have been proposed to incorporate ethics into the different
fields of health care in a substantial and systematic way. These mechanisms include
the strengthening of bioethical tools and emphasizing the application of bioethical
analysis, prioritizing the training of policymakers and staff members of government
health agencies, continuing to identify and assess existing tools, focusing on activities
meant to effectively meet specific health needs, creating and strengthening national
and regional networks, and developing a common agenda that integrates the different
efforts in progress so that those involved can make progress (Garrafa 2005).