Strategies for the Promotion of Sustainable Urban Development …
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e social justice; to social equality were created employment, child mortality, quality
of life and families below the poverty line; for community involvement were created
territorial resilience, encouraging sustainable production and consumption e culture.
The environmental axis is formed by factors waste, land use, greenhouse gases
emission, energy and water resources. For this five factors, fifteen indicators were
created, in the following way: to waste were created recycled waste, waste reduction
policies, access to basic sanitation and municipal waste production; to land use
were created land use policy, urban density, green public spaces and accessibility
to parks; to greenhouse gases emission were created CO 2 emission, CO 2 reduction
strategies, CO 2 intensity, industrial pollution and air quality policies; to energy were
created policies for renewable energy and renewable energy consumption; to water
resources were created water waste rate, water efficiency, public water supply and
access to drinking water.
In this way, 40 indicators were defined, which represent all aspects related to
sustainable cities. In this way, we established means of measuring each of these
indicators. Defining levels of importance of each one makes it possible to create
a global index of evaluation of sustainable cities. In this paper, the authors also
considerer levels of importance to each of these indicators.
5 Multi-criteria Assessment Tree for Sustainable Cities
To consider the level of importance of each indicator and factors, which are groups
of indicators, a consultation was made to specialists in the sustainability area. In
applying the survey, specialists were asked about the level of importance of each
indicator and group of indicators, in a scale of 1–5. After applying 30 surveys, with
the results obtained, the authors considered to calculate the level of importance of
each. The result of the considerations may be observed in Fig. 2, which presents the
main result of this research, which is the structure tree of the multicriteria model of
evaluation for sustainable cities, as well as the weights of each indicator or groups
of indicators (factors) obtained through consulting specialists.
With the structure presented in Fig. 2, it is possible to verify the most important
indicators to sustainable cities. According to calculations to obtain indicators with
higher level of importance, the ones considered to be most important were the following: access to education (3.8%), access to health (3.9%), social justice (3.8%)
and encouraging sustainable production and consumption (3.8%). In the level of
groups of indicators, the best rated were social equality (11.4%), access to public
goods (11.1%) and governance (11.1%).
These results show that from the experiences of the specialists consulted, these
indicators are the most relevant for a construction of a sustainable cities. Then,
investing in access to education, access to health, social justice and producing and
consuming in a sustainable way are the points of higher importance to a sustainable
development.
179
e social justice; to social equality were created employment, child mortality, quality
of life and families below the poverty line; for community involvement were created
territorial resilience, encouraging sustainable production and consumption e culture.
The environmental axis is formed by factors waste, land use, greenhouse gases
emission, energy and water resources. For this five factors, fifteen indicators were
created, in the following way: to waste were created recycled waste, waste reduction
policies, access to basic sanitation and municipal waste production; to land use
were created land use policy, urban density, green public spaces and accessibility
to parks; to greenhouse gases emission were created CO 2 emission, CO 2 reduction
strategies, CO 2 intensity, industrial pollution and air quality policies; to energy were
created policies for renewable energy and renewable energy consumption; to water
resources were created water waste rate, water efficiency, public water supply and
access to drinking water.
In this way, 40 indicators were defined, which represent all aspects related to
sustainable cities. In this way, we established means of measuring each of these
indicators. Defining levels of importance of each one makes it possible to create
a global index of evaluation of sustainable cities. In this paper, the authors also
considerer levels of importance to each of these indicators.
5 Multi-criteria Assessment Tree for Sustainable Cities
To consider the level of importance of each indicator and factors, which are groups
of indicators, a consultation was made to specialists in the sustainability area. In
applying the survey, specialists were asked about the level of importance of each
indicator and group of indicators, in a scale of 1–5. After applying 30 surveys, with
the results obtained, the authors considered to calculate the level of importance of
each. The result of the considerations may be observed in Fig. 2, which presents the
main result of this research, which is the structure tree of the multicriteria model of
evaluation for sustainable cities, as well as the weights of each indicator or groups
of indicators (factors) obtained through consulting specialists.
With the structure presented in Fig. 2, it is possible to verify the most important
indicators to sustainable cities. According to calculations to obtain indicators with
higher level of importance, the ones considered to be most important were the following: access to education (3.8%), access to health (3.9%), social justice (3.8%)
and encouraging sustainable production and consumption (3.8%). In the level of
groups of indicators, the best rated were social equality (11.4%), access to public
goods (11.1%) and governance (11.1%).
These results show that from the experiences of the specialists consulted, these
indicators are the most relevant for a construction of a sustainable cities. Then,
investing in access to education, access to health, social justice and producing and
consuming in a sustainable way are the points of higher importance to a sustainable
development.