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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
S. Ouda et al., Deficit Irrigation, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35586-9_7
Chapter 7
Climate Change Assessment in Egypt:
A Review
Samiha Ouda and Abd El-Hafeez Zohry
Abstract The objective of this chapter was to review all the previous climate
change studies done in Egypt on water resources, crops production, evapotranspiration, seasonal crop coefficients, water consumptive use and water requirements of
crops, cultivated soils and areas, suitability of growing area to be cultivated with a
certain crop and food gaps in Egypt. Literature review was done for 67 research
papers found on the internet to cover these items. Thus, adaptation strategies should
be applied when possible to reduce the vulnerability associated with climate change.
Keywords Water resources · Crops production · Water requirements of crops ·
Cultivated soils and area · Suitability of growing area to be cultivated with a
certain crop · Food gaps
7.1 Introduction
Egypt is particularly vulnerable to climate change, due to its geographical position
and its dependence on climate-sensitive economic sectors, namely agriculture (FAO
2012). Sea level rise is expected to affect the living conditions of millions of people
in the coastal zone of Egypt, which could exposed them to economic, social, and/or
health risks (Leach et al. 2013). IPCC (2007) indicated that global climate models
are probably the only way to investigate the non-linear interactions between the four
major components of the climate system: atmosphere, biosphere, oceans and seaice. Furthermore, the study of climate variability and climate change has progressed
S. Ouda (*)
Water Requirements and Field Irrigation Research Department, Soils, Water and Environment
Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
A. E.-H. Zohry
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural
Research Center, Giza, Egypt
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
S. Ouda et al., Deficit Irrigation, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35586-9_7
Chapter 7
Climate Change Assessment in Egypt:
A Review
Samiha Ouda and Abd El-Hafeez Zohry
Abstract The objective of this chapter was to review all the previous climate
change studies done in Egypt on water resources, crops production, evapotranspiration, seasonal crop coefficients, water consumptive use and water requirements of
crops, cultivated soils and areas, suitability of growing area to be cultivated with a
certain crop and food gaps in Egypt. Literature review was done for 67 research
papers found on the internet to cover these items. Thus, adaptation strategies should
be applied when possible to reduce the vulnerability associated with climate change.
Keywords Water resources · Crops production · Water requirements of crops ·
Cultivated soils and area · Suitability of growing area to be cultivated with a
certain crop · Food gaps
7.1 Introduction
Egypt is particularly vulnerable to climate change, due to its geographical position
and its dependence on climate-sensitive economic sectors, namely agriculture (FAO
2012). Sea level rise is expected to affect the living conditions of millions of people
in the coastal zone of Egypt, which could exposed them to economic, social, and/or
health risks (Leach et al. 2013). IPCC (2007) indicated that global climate models
are probably the only way to investigate the non-linear interactions between the four
major components of the climate system: atmosphere, biosphere, oceans and seaice. Furthermore, the study of climate variability and climate change has progressed
S. Ouda (*)
Water Requirements and Field Irrigation Research Department, Soils, Water and Environment
Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
A. E.-H. Zohry
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural
Research Center, Giza, Egypt