Chapter 18
Field Study VI: The Effect of Loading
Strategies on Removal Efficiencies of a
Hybrid Constructed Wetland Treating
Mixed Domestic and Agro-Industrial
Wastewaters
Michal Šereš, Tereza Hnátková, Petr Maršík, Tomáš Vaněk, Petr Soudek,
and Jan Vymazal
Abstract The treatment of domestic wastewater using constructed wetlands (CWs)
is common in the Czech Republic; however, the treatment of agro-industrial wastewater is still at the beginning of its application. A hybrid CW consisting of two
horizontal filters (HF1 and HF2), one vertical filter (VF), and three stabilization
ponds (SP1–SP3) was put into operation in 2012 in Chrámce, Ústí region, Czech
Republic. The hybrid system treats mixed household and agro-industrial wastewater
mainly from sheep farms and wine and fruit juice production factories. The filters are
planted with Phragmites australis, Phalaris arundinacea, Iris pseudacorus, Iris
sibirica, Glyceria maxima, and Lythrum salicaria. In a fed-batch operation, the
inflow values vary on the basis of wine processing seasons. In high season, it reaches
17,012 mg L
À1 of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 1806 mg L
À1 of biochemical
oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), and 43,723 mg L
À1 of total suspended solids (TSS) on
average. Despite such high inlet concentrations, the removal efficiency (RE) for the
M. Šereš
DEKONTA a.s., Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech
Republic
T. Hnátková (*)
DEKONTA a.s., Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life
Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
e-mail: hnatkova@dekonta.cz
P. Maršík · T. Vaněk · P. Soudek
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of
the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
J. Vymazal
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life
Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
J. Filip et al. (eds.), Advanced Nano-Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment,
Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a Sustainable Future,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_18
395
Field Study VI: The Effect of Loading
Strategies on Removal Efficiencies of a
Hybrid Constructed Wetland Treating
Mixed Domestic and Agro-Industrial
Wastewaters
Michal Šereš, Tereza Hnátková, Petr Maršík, Tomáš Vaněk, Petr Soudek,
and Jan Vymazal
Abstract The treatment of domestic wastewater using constructed wetlands (CWs)
is common in the Czech Republic; however, the treatment of agro-industrial wastewater is still at the beginning of its application. A hybrid CW consisting of two
horizontal filters (HF1 and HF2), one vertical filter (VF), and three stabilization
ponds (SP1–SP3) was put into operation in 2012 in Chrámce, Ústí region, Czech
Republic. The hybrid system treats mixed household and agro-industrial wastewater
mainly from sheep farms and wine and fruit juice production factories. The filters are
planted with Phragmites australis, Phalaris arundinacea, Iris pseudacorus, Iris
sibirica, Glyceria maxima, and Lythrum salicaria. In a fed-batch operation, the
inflow values vary on the basis of wine processing seasons. In high season, it reaches
17,012 mg L
À1 of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 1806 mg L
À1 of biochemical
oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), and 43,723 mg L
À1 of total suspended solids (TSS) on
average. Despite such high inlet concentrations, the removal efficiency (RE) for the
M. Šereš
DEKONTA a.s., Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech
Republic
T. Hnátková (*)
DEKONTA a.s., Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life
Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
e-mail: hnatkova@dekonta.cz
P. Maršík · T. Vaněk · P. Soudek
Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of
the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
J. Vymazal
Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life
Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
J. Filip et al. (eds.), Advanced Nano-Bio Technologies for Water and Soil Treatment,
Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a Sustainable Future,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29840-1_18
395