Immunochromatographic Strip Based
Sensor for the Detection of Water
Pollutants
Megha Pant, Deepika Pancholi, Veena Pande and Anirban Dandapat
Abstract The ever-increasing demand for the clean and fresh water with the rapid
population growth has been emerged as one of the major issues now. The widespread problem of water pollution is not just jeopardizing our health but is equally
damaging to the aquatic environment. There are several techniques available for
detection of various kinds of water pollutants but most of them either utilize
sophisticated instruments and are expensive or time consuming. Therefore, a portable, sensitive, stable, low cost and rapid strategy is highly essential. In this area, the
use of lateral flow immunochromatographic strip based portable sensor appears to be
an effective approach for the detection of water pollutants. Immunochromatographic
strip combines the use of specific antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) immunoreactions. This
chapter will describe how coloured (e.g. colloidal gold, silver nanoparticles) and
luminescent (e.g. quantum dots, up-converting phosphorus NPs) nanoparticles are
modified with the Ag/Ab and integrated into paper-based sensors for the detection of
target pollutants. Advancements in the technology will further improve the limit of
detection which validates its superiority over existing conventional strategies for the
detection of water pollutants.
Keywords Immunochromatography Á Portable sensor Á Water pollutants
M. Pant Á D. Pancholi Á V. Pande Á A. Dandapat (&)
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Bhimtal 263136,
Uttarakhand, India
e-mail: dranirbandandapat@kunainital.ac.in
A. Dandapat
Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, DSB Campus, Nainital 263002,
Uttarakhand, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
D. Pooja et al. (eds.), Sensors in Water Pollutants Monitoring: Role of Material,
Advanced Functional Materials and Sensors,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0671-0_13
233
Sensor for the Detection of Water
Pollutants
Megha Pant, Deepika Pancholi, Veena Pande and Anirban Dandapat
Abstract The ever-increasing demand for the clean and fresh water with the rapid
population growth has been emerged as one of the major issues now. The widespread problem of water pollution is not just jeopardizing our health but is equally
damaging to the aquatic environment. There are several techniques available for
detection of various kinds of water pollutants but most of them either utilize
sophisticated instruments and are expensive or time consuming. Therefore, a portable, sensitive, stable, low cost and rapid strategy is highly essential. In this area, the
use of lateral flow immunochromatographic strip based portable sensor appears to be
an effective approach for the detection of water pollutants. Immunochromatographic
strip combines the use of specific antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) immunoreactions. This
chapter will describe how coloured (e.g. colloidal gold, silver nanoparticles) and
luminescent (e.g. quantum dots, up-converting phosphorus NPs) nanoparticles are
modified with the Ag/Ab and integrated into paper-based sensors for the detection of
target pollutants. Advancements in the technology will further improve the limit of
detection which validates its superiority over existing conventional strategies for the
detection of water pollutants.
Keywords Immunochromatography Á Portable sensor Á Water pollutants
M. Pant Á D. Pancholi Á V. Pande Á A. Dandapat (&)
Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Bhimtal 263136,
Uttarakhand, India
e-mail: dranirbandandapat@kunainital.ac.in
A. Dandapat
Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, DSB Campus, Nainital 263002,
Uttarakhand, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
D. Pooja et al. (eds.), Sensors in Water Pollutants Monitoring: Role of Material,
Advanced Functional Materials and Sensors,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0671-0_13
233