45
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Hydrocarbons Vol. 2
Technology, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 41,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28638-5_2
Chapter 2
Biological Conversion of Carbon Dioxide
into Volatile Organic Compounds
Ihana Aguiar Severo, Pricila Nass Pinheiro, Karem Rodrigues Vieira,
Leila Queiroz Zepka, and Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
I. A. Severo · P. N. Pinheiro · K. R. Vieira · L. Q. Zepka · E. Jacob-Lopes (*)
Bioprocesses Intensification Group, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
e-mail: jacoblopes@pq.cnpq.br
Contents
2.1 Introduction
46
2.2 Microalgae and Photosynthetic Metabolism
47
2.3 Biosynthesis Mechanism of Volatile Organic Compounds
48
2.4 Culture Systems for Volatile Organic Compound Production
53
2.5 Environmental Implications
54
2.6 Insights on Industrial Applications
56
2.7 Conclusion
68
References
69
Abstract Biological processes for the carbon dioxide conversion into high valueadded biomolecules are of interest to the chemical, energy, food, and pharmaceutical industries. A closer look has been directed mainly at microalgae-based processes
and products. Depending on the cultivation systems, species, and other engineering
aspects, microalgae produce a variety of metabolites, including volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). These molecules are originated from distinct chemical classes
such as alcohol, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, ketones, terpenes, esters, and sulfurized
compounds. However, it is crucial to know how these compounds are formed to
target specific commercial applications. Besides, recent studies are demonstrating
the use of volatiles as environmental indicators and also addressing the technical
aspects that could be used to recover them. In this sense, the objective of this chapter
is to provide a comprehensive view of the biological conversion of carbon dioxide
into VOCs. Furthermore, the characteristics of microalgae and photosynthetic
metabolism, the VOC biosynthesis mechanism, the culture systems, the environmental implications, and the insights on industrial applications were presented and
discussed.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Hydrocarbons Vol. 2
Technology, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 41,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28638-5_2
Chapter 2
Biological Conversion of Carbon Dioxide
into Volatile Organic Compounds
Ihana Aguiar Severo, Pricila Nass Pinheiro, Karem Rodrigues Vieira,
Leila Queiroz Zepka, and Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
I. A. Severo · P. N. Pinheiro · K. R. Vieira · L. Q. Zepka · E. Jacob-Lopes (*)
Bioprocesses Intensification Group, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM),
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
e-mail: jacoblopes@pq.cnpq.br
Contents
2.1 Introduction
46
2.2 Microalgae and Photosynthetic Metabolism
47
2.3 Biosynthesis Mechanism of Volatile Organic Compounds
48
2.4 Culture Systems for Volatile Organic Compound Production
53
2.5 Environmental Implications
54
2.6 Insights on Industrial Applications
56
2.7 Conclusion
68
References
69
Abstract Biological processes for the carbon dioxide conversion into high valueadded biomolecules are of interest to the chemical, energy, food, and pharmaceutical industries. A closer look has been directed mainly at microalgae-based processes
and products. Depending on the cultivation systems, species, and other engineering
aspects, microalgae produce a variety of metabolites, including volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). These molecules are originated from distinct chemical classes
such as alcohol, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, ketones, terpenes, esters, and sulfurized
compounds. However, it is crucial to know how these compounds are formed to
target specific commercial applications. Besides, recent studies are demonstrating
the use of volatiles as environmental indicators and also addressing the technical
aspects that could be used to recover them. In this sense, the objective of this chapter
is to provide a comprehensive view of the biological conversion of carbon dioxide
into VOCs. Furthermore, the characteristics of microalgae and photosynthetic
metabolism, the VOC biosynthesis mechanism, the culture systems, the environmental implications, and the insights on industrial applications were presented and
discussed.