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4.4.2 Organic Nanomaterials
4.4.2.1 Liposome
Liposome is a kind of artificial microscopic vesicle composed of an aqueous core
and a lipid bilayer membrane. Hydrophilic therapeutic drugs can be encapsulated
into the aqueous core, and hydrophobic drugs can be loaded into the lipid bilayer
membrane. The unique structural features make liposome a promising nanocarrier
for drug loading and delivery [8].
Alshaer et al. [71] reported an aptamer-based liposome system where siRNAprotamine complex served as the cores and anti-CD44 aptamer acted as the targeting
ligand for the delivery of siRNA to CD44 overexpressing cells (Fig. 4.6a). This
noncationic system exhibited efficient gene silencing in CD44-expressing tumor cells
Fig. 4.6 Schematic representation of aptamer modified liposomes. a Synthesis of liposomedependent dual drug delivery system. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [71] Copyright 2017,
Elsevier. b Liposomes with DOX encapsulation and MUC1 aptamer bioconjugation. Reprinted
with permission from Ref. [72] Copyright 2016, The Royal Society of Chemistry. c Development of
nanomicelles (NM) loaded with Gef. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [73] Copyright 2020, The
Author(s). d Construction of liposomes with poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) serving as the core
and DSPE-PEG2000-COOH covalently linked with MUC1 S2.2 aptamers as the shell. Reprinted
with permission from Ref. [75] Copyright 2015, The Royal Society of Chemistry. e Construction
of Sgc8 modified GMVs-based drug delivery system. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [78]
Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society