associated with ribosomes and nascent polypeptides
during
translocation.
Cell
71:489–503
6. Go ¨rlich D, Rapoport TA (1993) Protein translocation into proteoliposomes reconstituted
from purified components of the endoplasmic
reticulum membrane. Cell 75:615–630
7. Jan CH, Williams CC, Weissman JS (2014)
Principles of ER cotranslational translocation
revealed by proximity-specific ribosome
profiling. Science 346:1257521
8. Ng DT, Brown JD, Walter P (1996) Signal
sequences specify the targeting route to the
endoplasmic reticulum membrane. J Cell Biol
134:269–278
9. Pyhtila B, Zheng T, Lager PJ et al (2008)
Signal sequence- and translation-independent
mRNA localization to the endoplasmic reticulum. RNA 14:445–453
10. Jagannathan S, Reid DW, Cox AH et al (2014)
De novo translation initiation on membranebound ribosomes as a mechanism for localization of cytosolic protein mRNAs to the endoplasmic reticulum. RNA 20:1489–1498
11. Voigt F, Zhang H, Cui XA et al (2017) Singlemolecule quantification of translationdependent association of mRNAs with the
endoplasmic
reticulum.
Cell
Rep
21:3740–3753
12. Seiser RM, Nicchitta CV (2000) The fate of
membrane-bound ribosomes following the termination of protein synthesis. J Biol Chem
275:33820–33827
13. Potter MD, Nicchitta CV (2002) Endoplasmic
reticulum-bound ribosomes reside in stable
association with the translocon following termination of protein synthesis. J Biol Chem
277:23314–23320
14. Lerner RS, Seiser RM, Zheng T et al (2003)
Partitioning and translation of mRNAs encoding soluble proteins on membrane-bound ribosomes. RNA 9:1123–1137
15. Mothes W, Heinrich SU, Graf R et al (1997)
Molecular mechanism of membrane protein
integration into the endoplasmic reticulum.
Cell 89:523–533
16. Cui XA, Zhang H, Palazzo AF (2012) p180
Promotes the Ribosome-Independent Localization of a Subset of mRNA to the Endoplasmic Reticulum. PLoS Biol 10:e1001336
17. Cui XA, Zhang Y, Hong SJ et al (2013) Identification of a region within the placental alkaline phosphatase mRNA that mediates p180dependent targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 288:29633–29641
18. Cui XA, Zhang H, Ilan L et al (2015) mRNA
encoding Sec61β, a tail-anchored protein, is
localized on the endoplasmic reticulum. J Cell
Sci 128:3398–3410
19. Hsu JC-C, Reid DW, Hoffman AM et al
(2018) Oncoprotein AEG-1 is an endoplasmic
reticulum RNA-binding protein whose interactome is enriched in organelle resident
protein-encoding mRNAs. RNA 24:688–703
20. Adam SA, Marr RS, Gerace L (1990) Nuclear
protein import in permeabilized mammalian
cells requires soluble cytoplasmic factors. J
Cell Biol 111:807–816
21. Cui XA, Palazzo AF (2012) Visualization of
endoplasmic reticulum localized mRNAs in
mammalian cells. J Vis Exp 70:e50066
22. Allan V (1995) Protein phosphatase 1 regulates
the cytoplasmic dynein-driven formation of
endoplasmic reticulum networks in vitro. J
Cell Biol 128:879–891
Visualizing ER-Associated mRNA
49
during
translocation.
Cell
71:489–503
6. Go ¨rlich D, Rapoport TA (1993) Protein translocation into proteoliposomes reconstituted
from purified components of the endoplasmic
reticulum membrane. Cell 75:615–630
7. Jan CH, Williams CC, Weissman JS (2014)
Principles of ER cotranslational translocation
revealed by proximity-specific ribosome
profiling. Science 346:1257521
8. Ng DT, Brown JD, Walter P (1996) Signal
sequences specify the targeting route to the
endoplasmic reticulum membrane. J Cell Biol
134:269–278
9. Pyhtila B, Zheng T, Lager PJ et al (2008)
Signal sequence- and translation-independent
mRNA localization to the endoplasmic reticulum. RNA 14:445–453
10. Jagannathan S, Reid DW, Cox AH et al (2014)
De novo translation initiation on membranebound ribosomes as a mechanism for localization of cytosolic protein mRNAs to the endoplasmic reticulum. RNA 20:1489–1498
11. Voigt F, Zhang H, Cui XA et al (2017) Singlemolecule quantification of translationdependent association of mRNAs with the
endoplasmic
reticulum.
Cell
Rep
21:3740–3753
12. Seiser RM, Nicchitta CV (2000) The fate of
membrane-bound ribosomes following the termination of protein synthesis. J Biol Chem
275:33820–33827
13. Potter MD, Nicchitta CV (2002) Endoplasmic
reticulum-bound ribosomes reside in stable
association with the translocon following termination of protein synthesis. J Biol Chem
277:23314–23320
14. Lerner RS, Seiser RM, Zheng T et al (2003)
Partitioning and translation of mRNAs encoding soluble proteins on membrane-bound ribosomes. RNA 9:1123–1137
15. Mothes W, Heinrich SU, Graf R et al (1997)
Molecular mechanism of membrane protein
integration into the endoplasmic reticulum.
Cell 89:523–533
16. Cui XA, Zhang H, Palazzo AF (2012) p180
Promotes the Ribosome-Independent Localization of a Subset of mRNA to the Endoplasmic Reticulum. PLoS Biol 10:e1001336
17. Cui XA, Zhang Y, Hong SJ et al (2013) Identification of a region within the placental alkaline phosphatase mRNA that mediates p180dependent targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 288:29633–29641
18. Cui XA, Zhang H, Ilan L et al (2015) mRNA
encoding Sec61β, a tail-anchored protein, is
localized on the endoplasmic reticulum. J Cell
Sci 128:3398–3410
19. Hsu JC-C, Reid DW, Hoffman AM et al
(2018) Oncoprotein AEG-1 is an endoplasmic
reticulum RNA-binding protein whose interactome is enriched in organelle resident
protein-encoding mRNAs. RNA 24:688–703
20. Adam SA, Marr RS, Gerace L (1990) Nuclear
protein import in permeabilized mammalian
cells requires soluble cytoplasmic factors. J
Cell Biol 111:807–816
21. Cui XA, Palazzo AF (2012) Visualization of
endoplasmic reticulum localized mRNAs in
mammalian cells. J Vis Exp 70:e50066
22. Allan V (1995) Protein phosphatase 1 regulates
the cytoplasmic dynein-driven formation of
endoplasmic reticulum networks in vitro. J
Cell Biol 128:879–891
Visualizing ER-Associated mRNA
49