2 Interferometric Scattering (iSCAT) Microscopy and Related Techniques
59
33. A. Zilker, H. Engelhardt, E. Sackmann, Dynamic reflection interference contrast (RIC-)
microscopy: a new method to study surface excitations of cells and to measure membrane
bending elastic moduli. J. Phys. 48(12), 2139–2151 (1987)
34. J. Rädler, E. Sackmann, Imaging optical thicknesses and separation distances of phospholipid
vesicles at solid surfaces. J. Phys. II 3(5), 727–748 (1993)
35. G. Wiegand, K.R. Neumaier, E. Sackmann, Microinterferometry: three-dimensional reconstruction of surface microtopography for thin-film and wetting studies by reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM). Appl. Opt. 37(29), 6892 (1998)
36. J. Dvorak et al., Invasion of erythrocytes by malaria merozoites. Science 187(4178), 748–750
(1975)
37. R.D. Allen, N.S. Allen, J.L. Travis, Video-enhanced contrast, differential interference contrast
(AVEC-DIC) microscopy: a new method capable of analyzing microtubule-related motility
in the reticulopodial network of Allogromia laticollaris. Cell Motil. 1(3), 291–302 (1981)
38. S. Inoué, Video image processing greatly enhances contrast, quality, and speed in polarizationbased microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 89(2), 346–356 (1981)
39. R.J. Walter, M.W. Berns, Computer-enhanced video microscopy: digitally processed microscope images can be produced in real time. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78(11), 6927–6931
(1981)
40. R.D. Allen, N.S. Allen, Video-enhanced microscopy with a computer frame memory. J.
Microsc. 129(1), 3–17 (1983)
41. E.D. Salmon, P. Tran, High-resolution video-enhanced differential interference contrast light
microscopy. Methods Cell Biol. 72, 289–318 (2003)
42. S. Inoué, Video Microscopy (Springer, 1986)
43. S.T. Brady et al., Fast axonal transport in extruded axoplasm from squid giant axon. Science
218(4577), 1129–1131 (1982)
44. R.D. Allen et al., New observations on cell architecture and dynamics by video-enhanced
contrast optical microscopy. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Chem. 14(1), 265–290 (1985)
45. B.J. Schnapp et al., Single microtubules from squid axoplasm support bidirectional movement
of organelles. Cell 40(2), 455–462 (1985)
46. D.G. Weiss, Visualization of the living cytoskeleton by video-enhanced microscopy and digital
image processing. J. Cell Sci. Suppl. 5, 1–15 (1986)
47. B. Herman, D.F. Albertini, A time-lapse video image intensification analysis of cytoplasmic
organelle movements during endosome translocation. J. Cell Biol. 98(2), 565–576 (1984)
48. M. De Brabander et al., Microtubule-dependent intracellular motility investigated with
nanometer particle video ultramicroscopy (nanovid ultramicroscopy). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
466, 666–668 (1986)
49. H. Geerts et al., Nanovid tracking: a new automatic method for the study of mobility in living
cells based on colloidal gold and video microscopy. Biophys. J. 52(5), 775–782 (1987)
50. B.J. Schnapp, J. Gelles, M.P. Sheetz, Nanometer-scale measurements using video light
microscopy. Cell Motil. Cytoskelet. 10, 47–53 (1988)
51. M. De Brabander et al., Dynamic behavior of the transferrin receptor followed in living
epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells with nanovid microscopy. Cell Motil. Cytoskelet. 9(1),
30–47 (1988)
52. M.P. Sheetz et al., Nanometre-level analysis demonstrates that lipid flow does not drive membrane glycoprotein movements. Nature 340(6231), 284–288 (1989)
53. H. Geerts, M. De Brabander, R. Nuydens, Nanovid microscopy. Nature 351(6231), 765–766
(1991)
54. A. Kusumi et al., Paradigm shift of the plasma membrane concept from the two-dimensional
continuum fluid to the partitioned fluid: high-speed single-molecule tracking of membrane
molecules. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 34(1), 351–378 (2005)
55. A. Kusumi et al., Dynamic organizing principles of the plasma membrane that regulate signal
transduction: commemorating the fortieth anniversary of singer and nicolson’s fluid-mosaic
model. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 28(1), 215–250 (2012)
59
33. A. Zilker, H. Engelhardt, E. Sackmann, Dynamic reflection interference contrast (RIC-)
microscopy: a new method to study surface excitations of cells and to measure membrane
bending elastic moduli. J. Phys. 48(12), 2139–2151 (1987)
34. J. Rädler, E. Sackmann, Imaging optical thicknesses and separation distances of phospholipid
vesicles at solid surfaces. J. Phys. II 3(5), 727–748 (1993)
35. G. Wiegand, K.R. Neumaier, E. Sackmann, Microinterferometry: three-dimensional reconstruction of surface microtopography for thin-film and wetting studies by reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM). Appl. Opt. 37(29), 6892 (1998)
36. J. Dvorak et al., Invasion of erythrocytes by malaria merozoites. Science 187(4178), 748–750
(1975)
37. R.D. Allen, N.S. Allen, J.L. Travis, Video-enhanced contrast, differential interference contrast
(AVEC-DIC) microscopy: a new method capable of analyzing microtubule-related motility
in the reticulopodial network of Allogromia laticollaris. Cell Motil. 1(3), 291–302 (1981)
38. S. Inoué, Video image processing greatly enhances contrast, quality, and speed in polarizationbased microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 89(2), 346–356 (1981)
39. R.J. Walter, M.W. Berns, Computer-enhanced video microscopy: digitally processed microscope images can be produced in real time. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78(11), 6927–6931
(1981)
40. R.D. Allen, N.S. Allen, Video-enhanced microscopy with a computer frame memory. J.
Microsc. 129(1), 3–17 (1983)
41. E.D. Salmon, P. Tran, High-resolution video-enhanced differential interference contrast light
microscopy. Methods Cell Biol. 72, 289–318 (2003)
42. S. Inoué, Video Microscopy (Springer, 1986)
43. S.T. Brady et al., Fast axonal transport in extruded axoplasm from squid giant axon. Science
218(4577), 1129–1131 (1982)
44. R.D. Allen et al., New observations on cell architecture and dynamics by video-enhanced
contrast optical microscopy. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Chem. 14(1), 265–290 (1985)
45. B.J. Schnapp et al., Single microtubules from squid axoplasm support bidirectional movement
of organelles. Cell 40(2), 455–462 (1985)
46. D.G. Weiss, Visualization of the living cytoskeleton by video-enhanced microscopy and digital
image processing. J. Cell Sci. Suppl. 5, 1–15 (1986)
47. B. Herman, D.F. Albertini, A time-lapse video image intensification analysis of cytoplasmic
organelle movements during endosome translocation. J. Cell Biol. 98(2), 565–576 (1984)
48. M. De Brabander et al., Microtubule-dependent intracellular motility investigated with
nanometer particle video ultramicroscopy (nanovid ultramicroscopy). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
466, 666–668 (1986)
49. H. Geerts et al., Nanovid tracking: a new automatic method for the study of mobility in living
cells based on colloidal gold and video microscopy. Biophys. J. 52(5), 775–782 (1987)
50. B.J. Schnapp, J. Gelles, M.P. Sheetz, Nanometer-scale measurements using video light
microscopy. Cell Motil. Cytoskelet. 10, 47–53 (1988)
51. M. De Brabander et al., Dynamic behavior of the transferrin receptor followed in living
epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells with nanovid microscopy. Cell Motil. Cytoskelet. 9(1),
30–47 (1988)
52. M.P. Sheetz et al., Nanometre-level analysis demonstrates that lipid flow does not drive membrane glycoprotein movements. Nature 340(6231), 284–288 (1989)
53. H. Geerts, M. De Brabander, R. Nuydens, Nanovid microscopy. Nature 351(6231), 765–766
(1991)
54. A. Kusumi et al., Paradigm shift of the plasma membrane concept from the two-dimensional
continuum fluid to the partitioned fluid: high-speed single-molecule tracking of membrane
molecules. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 34(1), 351–378 (2005)
55. A. Kusumi et al., Dynamic organizing principles of the plasma membrane that regulate signal
transduction: commemorating the fortieth anniversary of singer and nicolson’s fluid-mosaic
model. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 28(1), 215–250 (2012)