147
Heightened public awareness concerning wastes such as E-wastes may create a
possibility that consumers would be willing to pay some costs associated with recycling these waste materials. Payments could be in the form of prepaid deposit or
incorporated into the product fee prior to the purchase of the equipment (Yin et al.
2014). In order to encourage public participation in the management of E-wastes,
training sections and workshops should be organized, developed and publicized
both in the form of television programs and newsletters, in order to further enlighten
the public on steps to manage and contain E-waste. These activities can serve as a
common playground for stakeholders to reinforce their mutual understanding, trust
and respect, which will become a solid groundwork for a further partnership in the
field of E-waste management (Lu et al. 2015).
During these programs, the awareness of the high environmental and health risks
associated with improper handling of these wastes should be created and adequate
remedies propagated for future purposes.
8.1.1.3 Extended Producer Responsibility
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) can be defined as an environmental protection strategy that makes the producer of a product responsible for the entire life
cycle of the product and especially for the take-back, recycling and final disposal of
the product (Mascarenhas et al. 2016).
EPR imposes manufacturers of electric and electronic equipment with the task of
retrieving and recycling their products as soon as it reaches its end of life. The EPR
serves as a strategy of saddling manufacturers (rather than the society) of electronic
products with the responsibility of bearing the costs associated with managing,
recycling and disposing of a particular product (Jaiswal et al. 2015). Since disposal
of E-waste, without any obligation on their importer and unauthorized recycler with
improper technology, can promote the transboundary flow of these E-wastes, EPR
comes in as a strategy to check this menace (Pathak et al. 2017).
EPR was established with backing for the polluter pay principle and the acknowledgement of the importance of improving the management and recycling of waste
as agreed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 (Nnorom and Osibanjo 2008a, b). The
policy instruments introduced under EPR include various types of product fees and
taxes, e.g. advance recycling fees (ARFs), product take-back mandates, virgin material taxes, and their combinations. Also included are pay-as-you-throw, waste collection charges, and landfill bans (Pathak et al. 2017).
EPR aims at achieving the following goals:
• Developing electrical and electronic equipment with a ‘green’ approach and
hence constrained the use of components that are hazardous to the environment
• Retraction of products after their end of life as a take-back process
• Recycling and reutilizing of used up products in order to control the generation
of E-waste
8 E-Waste Management from Macroscopic to Microscopic Scale
Heightened public awareness concerning wastes such as E-wastes may create a
possibility that consumers would be willing to pay some costs associated with recycling these waste materials. Payments could be in the form of prepaid deposit or
incorporated into the product fee prior to the purchase of the equipment (Yin et al.
2014). In order to encourage public participation in the management of E-wastes,
training sections and workshops should be organized, developed and publicized
both in the form of television programs and newsletters, in order to further enlighten
the public on steps to manage and contain E-waste. These activities can serve as a
common playground for stakeholders to reinforce their mutual understanding, trust
and respect, which will become a solid groundwork for a further partnership in the
field of E-waste management (Lu et al. 2015).
During these programs, the awareness of the high environmental and health risks
associated with improper handling of these wastes should be created and adequate
remedies propagated for future purposes.
8.1.1.3 Extended Producer Responsibility
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) can be defined as an environmental protection strategy that makes the producer of a product responsible for the entire life
cycle of the product and especially for the take-back, recycling and final disposal of
the product (Mascarenhas et al. 2016).
EPR imposes manufacturers of electric and electronic equipment with the task of
retrieving and recycling their products as soon as it reaches its end of life. The EPR
serves as a strategy of saddling manufacturers (rather than the society) of electronic
products with the responsibility of bearing the costs associated with managing,
recycling and disposing of a particular product (Jaiswal et al. 2015). Since disposal
of E-waste, without any obligation on their importer and unauthorized recycler with
improper technology, can promote the transboundary flow of these E-wastes, EPR
comes in as a strategy to check this menace (Pathak et al. 2017).
EPR was established with backing for the polluter pay principle and the acknowledgement of the importance of improving the management and recycling of waste
as agreed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 (Nnorom and Osibanjo 2008a, b). The
policy instruments introduced under EPR include various types of product fees and
taxes, e.g. advance recycling fees (ARFs), product take-back mandates, virgin material taxes, and their combinations. Also included are pay-as-you-throw, waste collection charges, and landfill bans (Pathak et al. 2017).
EPR aims at achieving the following goals:
• Developing electrical and electronic equipment with a ‘green’ approach and
hence constrained the use of components that are hazardous to the environment
• Retraction of products after their end of life as a take-back process
• Recycling and reutilizing of used up products in order to control the generation
of E-waste
8 E-Waste Management from Macroscopic to Microscopic Scale