Chapter 12
Determination of the Optical Parameters
on the Basis of Spectrophotometric Data
Abstract The mathematical model is proposed for determination of the optical
parameters on the basis of spectrophotometric data.
12.1 Introduction
Modern medical technologies are based on fundamental research in biophysics,
physics, mathematics, chemistry, and biology. The rapid development of new optical
methods used in various fields of biology and medicine to study the permeability
of cell membranes, the diffusion of substances in cellular structures, the photodynamic and photothermal destruction of cells and tissues, as well as to develop new
approaches in photodynamic therapy, optical tomography, optical biopsy etc., drives
the need to determine the biophysical characteristics of biological tissues.
Knowledge of the optical characteristics of biological tissues is one of the key
factors in the development of mathematical models that adequately describe the
propagation of light in biological tissues, which in turn is of fundamental importance
for the development of new optical methods used in various fields of biology and
medicine. Note that non-invasive spectrophotometry methods allow in vivo (in situ)
estimation of the biochemical composition of human soft tissues and their dynamics
over time, including the study of short-term and rhythmic fluctuations of all the
observed parameters that arise as a result of rhythmic work of the cardiovascular and
neuro-reflex systems. The most easily determined parameters in the tissues are: the
percentage of different hemoglobin fractions (oxyhemoglobin, reduced hemoglobin,
etc.) in the blood, the water saturation of tissues (their hydration), the content of
melanin, fat, collagen, keratin, porphyrins and a number of other important enzymes
in the surface tissues. The study of short-term fluctuations in the parameters of
peripheral microhemodynamics on time intervals of 3–5 min allows us to evaluate
the functional state of the vascular bed of biological tissues. And the evaluation of
long-term changes in the recorded parameters throughout the day, weeks and months
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
K. Kulikov and T. Koshlan, Laser Interaction with Heterogeneous
Biological Tissue, Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94114-1_12
179
Determination of the Optical Parameters
on the Basis of Spectrophotometric Data
Abstract The mathematical model is proposed for determination of the optical
parameters on the basis of spectrophotometric data.
12.1 Introduction
Modern medical technologies are based on fundamental research in biophysics,
physics, mathematics, chemistry, and biology. The rapid development of new optical
methods used in various fields of biology and medicine to study the permeability
of cell membranes, the diffusion of substances in cellular structures, the photodynamic and photothermal destruction of cells and tissues, as well as to develop new
approaches in photodynamic therapy, optical tomography, optical biopsy etc., drives
the need to determine the biophysical characteristics of biological tissues.
Knowledge of the optical characteristics of biological tissues is one of the key
factors in the development of mathematical models that adequately describe the
propagation of light in biological tissues, which in turn is of fundamental importance
for the development of new optical methods used in various fields of biology and
medicine. Note that non-invasive spectrophotometry methods allow in vivo (in situ)
estimation of the biochemical composition of human soft tissues and their dynamics
over time, including the study of short-term and rhythmic fluctuations of all the
observed parameters that arise as a result of rhythmic work of the cardiovascular and
neuro-reflex systems. The most easily determined parameters in the tissues are: the
percentage of different hemoglobin fractions (oxyhemoglobin, reduced hemoglobin,
etc.) in the blood, the water saturation of tissues (their hydration), the content of
melanin, fat, collagen, keratin, porphyrins and a number of other important enzymes
in the surface tissues. The study of short-term fluctuations in the parameters of
peripheral microhemodynamics on time intervals of 3–5 min allows us to evaluate
the functional state of the vascular bed of biological tissues. And the evaluation of
long-term changes in the recorded parameters throughout the day, weeks and months
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
K. Kulikov and T. Koshlan, Laser Interaction with Heterogeneous
Biological Tissue, Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94114-1_12
179