It helps identifying biomarkers to gain better understanding of the diagnosis and in
turn treating the specific disorder based on the precise diagnosis. By mostly utilizing the unique properties of nanoparticles to achieve biomarker identification and
drug delivery, nanotheranostics can be applied to noninvasively discover and target
image biomarkers and further deliver treatment based on the biomarker distribution.
Nanomedicine strives for delivering valuable set of research tools and clinically
useful devices and its industry sales reached $16 billion in 2015, with an average of
$3.8 billion investment in nanotechnology R&D every year and increase of 45% per
year global funding for emerging nanotechnology. Global funding for nanotechnology increased by 45% per year in recent years, with product sales exceeding $1
trillion in 2013. As the nanomedicine industry continues to grow, it is expected to
have a significant impact on the economy.
Nanomedicine affects almost all the aspects of healthcare. Nanomedicine helps
to engineer novel and advanced tools for the treatment of various diseases
and the improvement of human biosystems using molecular nanotechnology.
Cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, infectious
diseases, and HIV/AIDS are the main diseases whose treatment can be benefitted by
using nanomedicine. Nanoparticles are directly injected into the tumor and are
activated to produce heat and destroy the cells of the tumor either by x-ray, light, or
magnetic field. Gold nanorods are being used to carry chemotherapy drugs into the
tumor and locally excite it by infrared rays. The heat induced is helpful to destroy
cells of tumor as well as encapsulate drugs. In recent years, the intercrossing of
nanotechnology in stem cell biology and biomedicine has led to an emerging new
research field, known as stem cell nanotechnology. Stem cell nanotechnology is
defined as the application of nanotechnology in stem cells research and development, and it is characterized as highly rapid in development, highly interdisciplinary, and highly controversial. During the last decade, I have seen a number of
successful applications of nanotechnology methods to basic neuroscience and to
medical practice. It is expected that the development of novel nanotechnologies will
result in important insights on the brain mechanisms, and eventually provide better
medical care to patients.
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology for drug delivery using nanotechnology plays a
major role in the future of pharmaceutical research. Interestingly, pharmaceutical
sciences are using nanoparticles to reduce toxicity and side effects of drugs and up
to recently did not realize that carrier systems themselves may impose risks to the
patient. Nanochemistry is the combination of chemistry and nanoscience.
Nanochemistry is related by synthesis of building blocks which are dependent on
size, surface, shape, and defect properties. Nanochemistry is being used in chemical, physical, and materials science as well as engineering, biological, and medical
applications. Nanochemistry and other nanoscience fields have the same core
concepts but the usages of those concepts are different. Nanoconstruct synthesis is
dependent on how the surface, size, and shape will lead to self-assembly of the
building blocks into the functional structures; they probably have functional defects
and might be useful for photonic, electronic, medical, or bioanalytical problems.
vi
Foreword
turn treating the specific disorder based on the precise diagnosis. By mostly utilizing the unique properties of nanoparticles to achieve biomarker identification and
drug delivery, nanotheranostics can be applied to noninvasively discover and target
image biomarkers and further deliver treatment based on the biomarker distribution.
Nanomedicine strives for delivering valuable set of research tools and clinically
useful devices and its industry sales reached $16 billion in 2015, with an average of
$3.8 billion investment in nanotechnology R&D every year and increase of 45% per
year global funding for emerging nanotechnology. Global funding for nanotechnology increased by 45% per year in recent years, with product sales exceeding $1
trillion in 2013. As the nanomedicine industry continues to grow, it is expected to
have a significant impact on the economy.
Nanomedicine affects almost all the aspects of healthcare. Nanomedicine helps
to engineer novel and advanced tools for the treatment of various diseases
and the improvement of human biosystems using molecular nanotechnology.
Cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, diabetes, infectious
diseases, and HIV/AIDS are the main diseases whose treatment can be benefitted by
using nanomedicine. Nanoparticles are directly injected into the tumor and are
activated to produce heat and destroy the cells of the tumor either by x-ray, light, or
magnetic field. Gold nanorods are being used to carry chemotherapy drugs into the
tumor and locally excite it by infrared rays. The heat induced is helpful to destroy
cells of tumor as well as encapsulate drugs. In recent years, the intercrossing of
nanotechnology in stem cell biology and biomedicine has led to an emerging new
research field, known as stem cell nanotechnology. Stem cell nanotechnology is
defined as the application of nanotechnology in stem cells research and development, and it is characterized as highly rapid in development, highly interdisciplinary, and highly controversial. During the last decade, I have seen a number of
successful applications of nanotechnology methods to basic neuroscience and to
medical practice. It is expected that the development of novel nanotechnologies will
result in important insights on the brain mechanisms, and eventually provide better
medical care to patients.
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology for drug delivery using nanotechnology plays a
major role in the future of pharmaceutical research. Interestingly, pharmaceutical
sciences are using nanoparticles to reduce toxicity and side effects of drugs and up
to recently did not realize that carrier systems themselves may impose risks to the
patient. Nanochemistry is the combination of chemistry and nanoscience.
Nanochemistry is related by synthesis of building blocks which are dependent on
size, surface, shape, and defect properties. Nanochemistry is being used in chemical, physical, and materials science as well as engineering, biological, and medical
applications. Nanochemistry and other nanoscience fields have the same core
concepts but the usages of those concepts are different. Nanoconstruct synthesis is
dependent on how the surface, size, and shape will lead to self-assembly of the
building blocks into the functional structures; they probably have functional defects
and might be useful for photonic, electronic, medical, or bioanalytical problems.
vi
Foreword