14. Y. Zhou, C.J. Endres, J.R. Brašić, S.-C. Huang, D.F. Wong, Linear regression with spatial
constraint to generate parametric images of ligand-receptor dynamic PET studies with a
simplified reference tissue model. Neuroimage. 18(4), 975–989 (2003)
15. H. Iida, T. Jones, S. Miura, Modeling approach to eliminate the need to separate arterial
plasma in oxygen-15 inhalation positron emission tomography. J. Nucl. Med. 34(1333–1340),
18 (1993)
16. E. Meyer, Simultaneous correction for tracer arrival delay and dispersion in CBF
measurements by the H 2
15
O autoradiographic method and dynamic PET. J. Nucl. Med. 30
(6), 1069–1078 (1989)
17. J.H. Kim, Y.H. Kim, Y.J. Kim, B.Y. Yang, J.M. Jeong, H. Youn et al., Quantitative positron
emission tomography imaging of angiogenesis in rats with forelimb ischemia using
68
Ga-NOTA-c(RGDyK). Angiogenesis 16(4), 837–846 (2013)
18. J.W. Kim, S. Seo, H.S. Kim, D.-Y. Kim, H.-Y. Lee, K.W. Kang et al., Comparative
evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging
agent
18
F-FPTP. Ann. Nucl. Med. 1–11 (2017)
19. S.J. Kim, J.S. Lee, Y.K. Kim, J. Frost, G. Wand, M.E. McCaul et al., Multiple linear analysis
methods for the quantification of irreversibly binding radiotracers. J. Cereb. Blood Flow
Metab. 28(12), 1965–1977 (2008)
20. P. Zanotti-Fregonara, K. Chen, J.S. Liow, M. Fujita, R.B. Innis, Image-derived input function
for brain PET studies: many challenges and few opportunities. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
31(10), 1986–1998 (2011)
21. J.Y. Ahn, D.S. Lee, J.S. Lee, S.K. Kim, G.J. Cheon, J.S. Yeo et al., Quantification of regional
myocardial blood flow using dynamic H 2
15
O PET and factor analysis. J. Nucl. Med. 42(5),
782–787 (2001)
22. J.S. Lee, D.S. Lee, J.Y. Ahn, G.J. Cheon, S.K. Kim, J.S. Yeo et al., Blind separation of
cardiac components and extraction of input function from H 2
15
O dynamic myocardial PET
using independent component analysis. J. Nucl. Med. 42(6), 938–943 (2001)
23. M. Naganawa, Y. Kimura, K. Ishii, K. Oda, K. Ishiwata, A. Matani, Extraction of a plasma
time-activity curve from dynamic brain PET images based on independent component
analysis. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52(2), 201–210 (2005)
24. S. Eberl, A.R. Anayat, R.R. Fulton, P.K. Hooper, M.J. Fulham, Evaluation of two
population-based input functions for quantitative neurological FDG PET studies. Eur. J. Nucl.
Med. 24(3), 299–304 (1997)
25. S. Takikawa, V. Dhawan, P. Spetsieris, W. Robeson, T. Chaly, R. Dahl et al., Noninvasive
quantitative fluorodeoxyglucose PET studies with an estimated input function derived from a
population-based arterial blood curve. Radiology 188(1), 131–136 (1993)
26. A.A. Lammertsma, S.P. Hume, Simplified reference tissue model for PET receptor studies.
Neuroimage 4(3), 153–158 (1996)
27. Y. Wu, R.E. Carson, Noise reduction in the simplified reference tissue model for
neuroreceptor functional imaging. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22(12), 1440–1452 (2002)
28. M. Ichise, J.-S. Liow, J.-Q. Lu, A. Takano, K. Model, H. Toyama et al., Linearized reference
tissue parametric imaging methods: application to [
11
C] DASB positron emission tomography
studies of the serotonin transporter in human brain. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23(9), 1096–
1112 (2003)
29. C. Cobelli, D. Foster, G. Toffolo, Tracer Kinetics in Biomedical Research: From Data to
Model (Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin, 2007)
30. A.J. Fischman, N.M. Alpert, R.H. Rubin, Pharmacokinetic imaging. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 41
(8), 581–602 (2002)
31. S.-C. Huang, J.R. Barrio, M.E. Phelps, Neuroreceptor Assay with Positron Emission
Tomography: Equilibrium Versus Dynamic Approaches (SAGE Publications, Sage, 1986)
32. D.F. Wong, A. Gjedde, H.N. Wagner Jr., Quantification of neuroreceptors in the living human
brain. I. Irreversible binding of ligands. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 6(2), 137–146 (1986)
308
J. S. Lee et al.
constraint to generate parametric images of ligand-receptor dynamic PET studies with a
simplified reference tissue model. Neuroimage. 18(4), 975–989 (2003)
15. H. Iida, T. Jones, S. Miura, Modeling approach to eliminate the need to separate arterial
plasma in oxygen-15 inhalation positron emission tomography. J. Nucl. Med. 34(1333–1340),
18 (1993)
16. E. Meyer, Simultaneous correction for tracer arrival delay and dispersion in CBF
measurements by the H 2
15
O autoradiographic method and dynamic PET. J. Nucl. Med. 30
(6), 1069–1078 (1989)
17. J.H. Kim, Y.H. Kim, Y.J. Kim, B.Y. Yang, J.M. Jeong, H. Youn et al., Quantitative positron
emission tomography imaging of angiogenesis in rats with forelimb ischemia using
68
Ga-NOTA-c(RGDyK). Angiogenesis 16(4), 837–846 (2013)
18. J.W. Kim, S. Seo, H.S. Kim, D.-Y. Kim, H.-Y. Lee, K.W. Kang et al., Comparative
evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging
agent
18
F-FPTP. Ann. Nucl. Med. 1–11 (2017)
19. S.J. Kim, J.S. Lee, Y.K. Kim, J. Frost, G. Wand, M.E. McCaul et al., Multiple linear analysis
methods for the quantification of irreversibly binding radiotracers. J. Cereb. Blood Flow
Metab. 28(12), 1965–1977 (2008)
20. P. Zanotti-Fregonara, K. Chen, J.S. Liow, M. Fujita, R.B. Innis, Image-derived input function
for brain PET studies: many challenges and few opportunities. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
31(10), 1986–1998 (2011)
21. J.Y. Ahn, D.S. Lee, J.S. Lee, S.K. Kim, G.J. Cheon, J.S. Yeo et al., Quantification of regional
myocardial blood flow using dynamic H 2
15
O PET and factor analysis. J. Nucl. Med. 42(5),
782–787 (2001)
22. J.S. Lee, D.S. Lee, J.Y. Ahn, G.J. Cheon, S.K. Kim, J.S. Yeo et al., Blind separation of
cardiac components and extraction of input function from H 2
15
O dynamic myocardial PET
using independent component analysis. J. Nucl. Med. 42(6), 938–943 (2001)
23. M. Naganawa, Y. Kimura, K. Ishii, K. Oda, K. Ishiwata, A. Matani, Extraction of a plasma
time-activity curve from dynamic brain PET images based on independent component
analysis. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 52(2), 201–210 (2005)
24. S. Eberl, A.R. Anayat, R.R. Fulton, P.K. Hooper, M.J. Fulham, Evaluation of two
population-based input functions for quantitative neurological FDG PET studies. Eur. J. Nucl.
Med. 24(3), 299–304 (1997)
25. S. Takikawa, V. Dhawan, P. Spetsieris, W. Robeson, T. Chaly, R. Dahl et al., Noninvasive
quantitative fluorodeoxyglucose PET studies with an estimated input function derived from a
population-based arterial blood curve. Radiology 188(1), 131–136 (1993)
26. A.A. Lammertsma, S.P. Hume, Simplified reference tissue model for PET receptor studies.
Neuroimage 4(3), 153–158 (1996)
27. Y. Wu, R.E. Carson, Noise reduction in the simplified reference tissue model for
neuroreceptor functional imaging. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22(12), 1440–1452 (2002)
28. M. Ichise, J.-S. Liow, J.-Q. Lu, A. Takano, K. Model, H. Toyama et al., Linearized reference
tissue parametric imaging methods: application to [
11
C] DASB positron emission tomography
studies of the serotonin transporter in human brain. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23(9), 1096–
1112 (2003)
29. C. Cobelli, D. Foster, G. Toffolo, Tracer Kinetics in Biomedical Research: From Data to
Model (Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin, 2007)
30. A.J. Fischman, N.M. Alpert, R.H. Rubin, Pharmacokinetic imaging. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 41
(8), 581–602 (2002)
31. S.-C. Huang, J.R. Barrio, M.E. Phelps, Neuroreceptor Assay with Positron Emission
Tomography: Equilibrium Versus Dynamic Approaches (SAGE Publications, Sage, 1986)
32. D.F. Wong, A. Gjedde, H.N. Wagner Jr., Quantification of neuroreceptors in the living human
brain. I. Irreversible binding of ligands. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 6(2), 137–146 (1986)
308
J. S. Lee et al.