Part II
Endogenous Radionanomedicine
Chapter 6: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Extracellular Vesicles
Chapter 7: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Radiolabeling
Chapter 8: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Biodistribution and Imaging
Chapter 9: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Validation of Therapeutic Potential
This interesting part deals only with extracellular vesicles. The findings of the
existence of extracellular vesicles are already decades old but the lack of analytical
methods prevented understanding the meaning of these endogenous structures in
various physiological processes. There is an explosion of the new revelations of the
important roles done by extracellular vesicles, their genesis, transfer, auto- or
paracrine/ endocrine effects, fates in vivo, and contribution to the pathology. To
indicate a few among many, the feasibility of using extracellular vesicles as drug
delivery vehicles or as alternatives of therapeutic cells are examples. The correct
understanding of the roles of extracellular vesicles in physiology and pathology will
be facilitated by tracing the whereabouts of extracellular vesicles using their radiolabeled counterparts in vivo and even quantify the biodistribution repeatedly
in vivo without sacrificing animals in preclinical setting and using tomographic
imaging in humans.
For this purpose, investigators needed to develop ingenious or simplest methods
to label extracellular vesicles with radionuclides and these are detailed in Chap. 7
and again the simplicity of the newly developed method of radiolabeling will lead
to earlier translation of therapeutic use of extracellular vesicles to clinical use. The
readers are recommended to find out the limitations of the popular fluorescent dye
labeling method for tracing the fates of exogenously prepared extracellular vesicles
in vivo in animal experiments, and the advantage of using radiolabeling. They are
also encouraged to understand further the limitations of using radiolabeled extracellular vesicles for their biological roles after injection for intended therapeutic
roles for destroying cancers or regenerating the damaged tissues. Surface and
intraluminal labelings are all possible and the ambiguity is supposed to lie in the
Endogenous Radionanomedicine
Chapter 6: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Extracellular Vesicles
Chapter 7: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Radiolabeling
Chapter 8: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Biodistribution and Imaging
Chapter 9: Endogenous Radionanomedicine: Validation of Therapeutic Potential
This interesting part deals only with extracellular vesicles. The findings of the
existence of extracellular vesicles are already decades old but the lack of analytical
methods prevented understanding the meaning of these endogenous structures in
various physiological processes. There is an explosion of the new revelations of the
important roles done by extracellular vesicles, their genesis, transfer, auto- or
paracrine/ endocrine effects, fates in vivo, and contribution to the pathology. To
indicate a few among many, the feasibility of using extracellular vesicles as drug
delivery vehicles or as alternatives of therapeutic cells are examples. The correct
understanding of the roles of extracellular vesicles in physiology and pathology will
be facilitated by tracing the whereabouts of extracellular vesicles using their radiolabeled counterparts in vivo and even quantify the biodistribution repeatedly
in vivo without sacrificing animals in preclinical setting and using tomographic
imaging in humans.
For this purpose, investigators needed to develop ingenious or simplest methods
to label extracellular vesicles with radionuclides and these are detailed in Chap. 7
and again the simplicity of the newly developed method of radiolabeling will lead
to earlier translation of therapeutic use of extracellular vesicles to clinical use. The
readers are recommended to find out the limitations of the popular fluorescent dye
labeling method for tracing the fates of exogenously prepared extracellular vesicles
in vivo in animal experiments, and the advantage of using radiolabeling. They are
also encouraged to understand further the limitations of using radiolabeled extracellular vesicles for their biological roles after injection for intended therapeutic
roles for destroying cancers or regenerating the damaged tissues. Surface and
intraluminal labelings are all possible and the ambiguity is supposed to lie in the