Chapter 6
In Situ Chemical Reduction of Chlorinated
Organic Compounds
Romain Rodrigues, Stéphanie Betelu, Stéfan Colombano,
Theodore Tzedakis, Guillaume Masselot, and Ioannis Ignatiadis
Abstract Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) are common anthropogenic
contaminants encountered in soil and groundwater. COCs were industrially produced for different applications, such as dry cleaning, degreasing, or as pesticides.
The presence of COCs in the environment is a major concern because of their
toxicity and persistence.
The most widely used method for their removal is the conventional pump-andtreat approach. However, this technology can hardly achieve a complete remediation
because of geological characteristics and the presence of pore space pollution/
adsorbed pollution, leading to a residual saturation. Hence, in addition to the
improvement of pump-and-treat systems, In situ chemical processes have been
largely developed. These chemical processes involve the injection of chemical
reagents for the removal of residual pollution source and/or the treatment of contamination plume.
Chemical degradation of COCs can be achieved by oxidative or reductive
processes. If chemical oxidation has been first developed for in situ application,
chemical reduction is one of the most important emerging remediation techniques
R. Rodrigues
BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans, France
LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), Toulouse, France
ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), Angers, France
e-mail: r.rodrigues@brgm.fr
S. Betelu · S. Colombano · I. Ignatiadis (*)
BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans, France
e-mail: s.betelu@brgm.fr; s.colombano@brgm.fr; i.ignatiadis@brgm.fr
T. Tzedakis
LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), Toulouse, France
e-mail: tzedakis@chimie.ups-tlse.fr
G. Masselot
ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), Angers, France
e-mail: guillaume.masselot@ademe.fr
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
E. D. van Hullebusch et al. (eds.), Environmental Soil Remediation
and Rehabilitation, Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a
Sustainable Future, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40348-5_6
283
In Situ Chemical Reduction of Chlorinated
Organic Compounds
Romain Rodrigues, Stéphanie Betelu, Stéfan Colombano,
Theodore Tzedakis, Guillaume Masselot, and Ioannis Ignatiadis
Abstract Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) are common anthropogenic
contaminants encountered in soil and groundwater. COCs were industrially produced for different applications, such as dry cleaning, degreasing, or as pesticides.
The presence of COCs in the environment is a major concern because of their
toxicity and persistence.
The most widely used method for their removal is the conventional pump-andtreat approach. However, this technology can hardly achieve a complete remediation
because of geological characteristics and the presence of pore space pollution/
adsorbed pollution, leading to a residual saturation. Hence, in addition to the
improvement of pump-and-treat systems, In situ chemical processes have been
largely developed. These chemical processes involve the injection of chemical
reagents for the removal of residual pollution source and/or the treatment of contamination plume.
Chemical degradation of COCs can be achieved by oxidative or reductive
processes. If chemical oxidation has been first developed for in situ application,
chemical reduction is one of the most important emerging remediation techniques
R. Rodrigues
BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans, France
LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), Toulouse, France
ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), Angers, France
e-mail: r.rodrigues@brgm.fr
S. Betelu · S. Colombano · I. Ignatiadis (*)
BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans, France
e-mail: s.betelu@brgm.fr; s.colombano@brgm.fr; i.ignatiadis@brgm.fr
T. Tzedakis
LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), Toulouse, France
e-mail: tzedakis@chimie.ups-tlse.fr
G. Masselot
ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), Angers, France
e-mail: guillaume.masselot@ademe.fr
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
E. D. van Hullebusch et al. (eds.), Environmental Soil Remediation
and Rehabilitation, Applied Environmental Science and Engineering for a
Sustainable Future, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40348-5_6
283