In Fig. 5.8, coloured circles represent nodes that are connected to each other
through ties represented by lines. The green nodes represent those aspects that
positively influence FDI and ODA flows, acting as drivers that increase such flows
to recipient countries. Orange nodes represent aspects that drive away FDI and ODA
flows. Transformative interventions (pathways) that either reduce the effect of
barriers/limitations or maximize the effects of facilitators are identified in blue and
are positioned in the inner circle. Factors that shape FDI and ODA flows (green and
orange nodes) are positioned in the outer circle. Nodes with larger diameters/font
sizes indicate that the particular concept is connected to a larger number of determinants or pathways. The thickness of the ties is proportional to the frequency with
which each pair of concepts is addressed together in the literature. The arrows
indicate the direction in which negative determinants are connected with positive
determinants through pathways. Concepts without connections represent some factors that shape FDI and ODA flows and that are frequently identified in the literature,
but they are not necessarily connected to pathways in the literature used in this SNA.
The current literature does not agree on a single set of determinants that incentivizes or hinders FDI and ODA flows in Africa. In fact, some authors suggest that
what may work in one region or country may not work in another. Such an example
Fig. 5.8 Social network analysis of the FDI and ODA literature in Africa
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J. Lopes et al.
through ties represented by lines. The green nodes represent those aspects that
positively influence FDI and ODA flows, acting as drivers that increase such flows
to recipient countries. Orange nodes represent aspects that drive away FDI and ODA
flows. Transformative interventions (pathways) that either reduce the effect of
barriers/limitations or maximize the effects of facilitators are identified in blue and
are positioned in the inner circle. Factors that shape FDI and ODA flows (green and
orange nodes) are positioned in the outer circle. Nodes with larger diameters/font
sizes indicate that the particular concept is connected to a larger number of determinants or pathways. The thickness of the ties is proportional to the frequency with
which each pair of concepts is addressed together in the literature. The arrows
indicate the direction in which negative determinants are connected with positive
determinants through pathways. Concepts without connections represent some factors that shape FDI and ODA flows and that are frequently identified in the literature,
but they are not necessarily connected to pathways in the literature used in this SNA.
The current literature does not agree on a single set of determinants that incentivizes or hinders FDI and ODA flows in Africa. In fact, some authors suggest that
what may work in one region or country may not work in another. Such an example
Fig. 5.8 Social network analysis of the FDI and ODA literature in Africa
174
J. Lopes et al.