5.2 Methodology
5.2.1 ODA Flows and Linkages to SDGs in Africa
Section 5.3.1 focuses on how ODA and academic research have targeted and
supported the attainment of the SDGs in Africa over the last decade. To achieve
this, we assess which SDGs have been targeted by ODA funding (and how) between
2000 and 2013. We use information from the AidData
1 project dataset, which
contains evidence about all past ODA as reported by OECD countries and international development agencies between 2000 and 2013 (Sethi et al. 2017). This
database contains detailed information for over 435,000 development projects in
Africa, and how the funding of each project was distributed between the 17 SDGs.
Funding distribution is weighted relative to its contribution to each SDG, which is
based on the amount of SDG targets that each ODA project addresses. Examples
about the funding weight allocation method across SDG can be found in the AidData
publications (Dilorenzo et al. 2017).
Subsequently, we conduct a systematic literature review to analyse how the
academic literature has engaged with the SDGs during the past decade. This
systematic review considered more than 30,000 documents identified through
Elsevier Scopus (Boafo et al. 2018). We visualize SDG interlinkages by showing
the number of ODA projects that have addressed more than one SDG within the
same project, and how they connect between each SDG.
5.2.2 Factors Shaping FDI and ODA Landscapes in Africa
Sections 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 identify the most important factors and transformative
pathways shaping the FDI and ODA landscapes in Africa. To achieve this, we
conduct a literature review employing frameworks and ICT tools commonly used
for the co-generation of interdisciplinary knowledge. In particular, we follow the
three steps below:
• Identify and review relevant recent literature on FDI and ODA in Africa (Step 1).
• Generate conceptual maps (CM) to classify the main negative or positive determinants of ODA and FDI (Step 2).
• Use social network analysis (SNA) to interpret the relationships and patterns
between the negative or positive determinants of ODA and FDI, and how
frequently they are discussed in the reviewed studies (Step 3).
During Step 1, we identitfy literature relevant to the research question: “how does
the academic literature discuss FDI and ODA in Africa?”. We identify the relevant
literature published between 2000 and 2018, through Elsevier Scopus and Google
1 For more information, refer to: http://aiddata.org/financing-for-sustainable-development
164
J. Lopes et al.
5.2.1 ODA Flows and Linkages to SDGs in Africa
Section 5.3.1 focuses on how ODA and academic research have targeted and
supported the attainment of the SDGs in Africa over the last decade. To achieve
this, we assess which SDGs have been targeted by ODA funding (and how) between
2000 and 2013. We use information from the AidData
1 project dataset, which
contains evidence about all past ODA as reported by OECD countries and international development agencies between 2000 and 2013 (Sethi et al. 2017). This
database contains detailed information for over 435,000 development projects in
Africa, and how the funding of each project was distributed between the 17 SDGs.
Funding distribution is weighted relative to its contribution to each SDG, which is
based on the amount of SDG targets that each ODA project addresses. Examples
about the funding weight allocation method across SDG can be found in the AidData
publications (Dilorenzo et al. 2017).
Subsequently, we conduct a systematic literature review to analyse how the
academic literature has engaged with the SDGs during the past decade. This
systematic review considered more than 30,000 documents identified through
Elsevier Scopus (Boafo et al. 2018). We visualize SDG interlinkages by showing
the number of ODA projects that have addressed more than one SDG within the
same project, and how they connect between each SDG.
5.2.2 Factors Shaping FDI and ODA Landscapes in Africa
Sections 5.3.2 and 5.3.3 identify the most important factors and transformative
pathways shaping the FDI and ODA landscapes in Africa. To achieve this, we
conduct a literature review employing frameworks and ICT tools commonly used
for the co-generation of interdisciplinary knowledge. In particular, we follow the
three steps below:
• Identify and review relevant recent literature on FDI and ODA in Africa (Step 1).
• Generate conceptual maps (CM) to classify the main negative or positive determinants of ODA and FDI (Step 2).
• Use social network analysis (SNA) to interpret the relationships and patterns
between the negative or positive determinants of ODA and FDI, and how
frequently they are discussed in the reviewed studies (Step 3).
During Step 1, we identitfy literature relevant to the research question: “how does
the academic literature discuss FDI and ODA in Africa?”. We identify the relevant
literature published between 2000 and 2018, through Elsevier Scopus and Google
1 For more information, refer to: http://aiddata.org/financing-for-sustainable-development
164
J. Lopes et al.