Fierer N (2017) Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil microbiome.
Nat Rev Microbiol 15:579–590
Grandy AS, Neff JC (2008) Molecular C dynamics downstream: the biochemical decomposition
sequence and its impact on soil organic matter structure and function. Sci Total Environ
404:297–307
Hagerty SB, Allison SD, Schimel JP (2018) Evaluating soil microbial carbon use efficiency
explicitly as a function of cellular processes: implications for measurements and models.
Biogeochemistry 140:1–15
Jansson JK, Hofmockel KS (2020) Soil microbiomes and climate change. Nat Rev Microbiol
18:35–46
Kaleta C, Schäuble S, Rinas U, Schuster S (2013) Metabolic costs of amino acid and protein
production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol J 8:1105–1114
Kempes CP, van Bodegom PM, Wolpert D, Libby E, Amend J, Hoehler T (2017) Drivers of
bacterial maintenance and minimal energy requirements. Front Microbiol 8:1–10
Kleber M, Eusterhues K, Keiluweit M, Mikutta C, Mikutta R, Nico PS (2015) Mineral-organic
associations: formation, properties, and relevance in soil environments. Adv Agron 130:1–140
Kleber M, Sollins P, Sutton R (2007) A conceptual model of organo-mineral interactions in soils:
self-assembly of organic molecular fragments into zonal structures on mineral surfaces. Biogeochemistry 85:9–24
Krause S, Le Roux X, Niklaus PA, Van Bodegom PM, Lennon JT et al (2014) Trait-based
approaches for understanding microbial biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Front
Microbiol 5:1–10
Lehmann J, Hansel CM, Kaiser C, Kleber M, Maher K, Manzoni S, Nunan N, Reichstein M,
Schime JP, Torn MS, Wieder WR, Kögel-Knabner I (2020) Persistence of soil organic carbon
caused by functional complexity. Nat Geosci. In Press
Lehmann J, Kleber M (2015) The contentious nature of soil organic matter. Nature 528:60–68
Lennon JT, Aanderud ZT, Lehmkuhl BK, Schoolmaster DR (2012) Mapping the niche space of soil
microorganisms using taxonomy and traits. Ecology 93:1867–1879
Li L, Maher K, Navarre-Sitchler A, Druhan J, Meile C et al (2017) Expanding the role of reactive
transport models in critical zone processes. Earth-Science Rev 165:280–301
Liang C, Schimel JP, Jastrow JD (2017) The importance of anabolism in microbial control over soil
carbon storage. Nat Microbiol 2:1–6
Malik AA, Martiny JBH, Brodie EL, Allison SD, Martiny AC (2019) Defining trait-based microbial
strategies with consequences for soil carbon cycling under climate change. ISME J 14:1–9
Manzoni S, Moyano F, Kätterer T, Schimel J, Kätterer T, Schimel J (2016) Modeling coupled
enzymatic and solute transport controls on decomposition in drying soils. Soil Biol Biochem
95:275–287
Moorhead DL, Sinsabaugh RL (2006) A theoretical model of litter decay and microbial interaction.
Ecol Monogr 76:151–174
Morrow CA (1918) The organic matter of the soil: a study of the nitrogen distribution in different
soil types. University of Minnesota Press
Parton W, Schimel DS, Cole CV, Ojima DS (1987) Analysis of factors controlling soil organic
matter levels in Great Plains grasslands. Soil Sci Soc Am J 51:1173–1179
Perminova IV, Frimmel FH, Kudryavtsev AV, Kulikova NA, Abbt-Braun G et al (2003) Molecular
weight characteristics of humic substances from different environments as determined by size
exclusion chromatography and their statistical evaluation. Environ Sci Technol 37:2477–2485
Randewig D, Marshall JD, Näsholm T, Jämtgårda S (2019) Combining microdialysis with
metabolomics to characterize the in situ composition of dissolved organic compounds in boreal
forest soil. Soil Biol Biochem 136:107530
Rasmussen C, Heckman K, Wieder WR, Keiluweit M, Lawrence CR et al (2018) Beyond clay:
towards an improved set of variables for predicting soil organic matter content. Biogeochemistry 137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0424-3
4 The Democracy of Dirt: Relating Micro-Scale Dynamics to Macro-Scale Ecosystem. . . 101
Nat Rev Microbiol 15:579–590
Grandy AS, Neff JC (2008) Molecular C dynamics downstream: the biochemical decomposition
sequence and its impact on soil organic matter structure and function. Sci Total Environ
404:297–307
Hagerty SB, Allison SD, Schimel JP (2018) Evaluating soil microbial carbon use efficiency
explicitly as a function of cellular processes: implications for measurements and models.
Biogeochemistry 140:1–15
Jansson JK, Hofmockel KS (2020) Soil microbiomes and climate change. Nat Rev Microbiol
18:35–46
Kaleta C, Schäuble S, Rinas U, Schuster S (2013) Metabolic costs of amino acid and protein
production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol J 8:1105–1114
Kempes CP, van Bodegom PM, Wolpert D, Libby E, Amend J, Hoehler T (2017) Drivers of
bacterial maintenance and minimal energy requirements. Front Microbiol 8:1–10
Kleber M, Eusterhues K, Keiluweit M, Mikutta C, Mikutta R, Nico PS (2015) Mineral-organic
associations: formation, properties, and relevance in soil environments. Adv Agron 130:1–140
Kleber M, Sollins P, Sutton R (2007) A conceptual model of organo-mineral interactions in soils:
self-assembly of organic molecular fragments into zonal structures on mineral surfaces. Biogeochemistry 85:9–24
Krause S, Le Roux X, Niklaus PA, Van Bodegom PM, Lennon JT et al (2014) Trait-based
approaches for understanding microbial biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Front
Microbiol 5:1–10
Lehmann J, Hansel CM, Kaiser C, Kleber M, Maher K, Manzoni S, Nunan N, Reichstein M,
Schime JP, Torn MS, Wieder WR, Kögel-Knabner I (2020) Persistence of soil organic carbon
caused by functional complexity. Nat Geosci. In Press
Lehmann J, Kleber M (2015) The contentious nature of soil organic matter. Nature 528:60–68
Lennon JT, Aanderud ZT, Lehmkuhl BK, Schoolmaster DR (2012) Mapping the niche space of soil
microorganisms using taxonomy and traits. Ecology 93:1867–1879
Li L, Maher K, Navarre-Sitchler A, Druhan J, Meile C et al (2017) Expanding the role of reactive
transport models in critical zone processes. Earth-Science Rev 165:280–301
Liang C, Schimel JP, Jastrow JD (2017) The importance of anabolism in microbial control over soil
carbon storage. Nat Microbiol 2:1–6
Malik AA, Martiny JBH, Brodie EL, Allison SD, Martiny AC (2019) Defining trait-based microbial
strategies with consequences for soil carbon cycling under climate change. ISME J 14:1–9
Manzoni S, Moyano F, Kätterer T, Schimel J, Kätterer T, Schimel J (2016) Modeling coupled
enzymatic and solute transport controls on decomposition in drying soils. Soil Biol Biochem
95:275–287
Moorhead DL, Sinsabaugh RL (2006) A theoretical model of litter decay and microbial interaction.
Ecol Monogr 76:151–174
Morrow CA (1918) The organic matter of the soil: a study of the nitrogen distribution in different
soil types. University of Minnesota Press
Parton W, Schimel DS, Cole CV, Ojima DS (1987) Analysis of factors controlling soil organic
matter levels in Great Plains grasslands. Soil Sci Soc Am J 51:1173–1179
Perminova IV, Frimmel FH, Kudryavtsev AV, Kulikova NA, Abbt-Braun G et al (2003) Molecular
weight characteristics of humic substances from different environments as determined by size
exclusion chromatography and their statistical evaluation. Environ Sci Technol 37:2477–2485
Randewig D, Marshall JD, Näsholm T, Jämtgårda S (2019) Combining microdialysis with
metabolomics to characterize the in situ composition of dissolved organic compounds in boreal
forest soil. Soil Biol Biochem 136:107530
Rasmussen C, Heckman K, Wieder WR, Keiluweit M, Lawrence CR et al (2018) Beyond clay:
towards an improved set of variables for predicting soil organic matter content. Biogeochemistry 137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0424-3
4 The Democracy of Dirt: Relating Micro-Scale Dynamics to Macro-Scale Ecosystem. . . 101