527
© The Author(s) 2020
J. Cavender-Bares et al. (eds.), Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33157-3
Glossary
3-D segmentation or 3-D image segmentation object categorization A specific
case of spectral clustering applied to image segmentation.
Abaxial The surface of a leaf facing away from the stem (particularly during early
development), usually the lower surface of a leaf or petiole.
Abiotic Non-biological physical environmental variables, such as net radiation,
temperature, and precipitation.
Abiotic niche The characteristic physical attributes, such as weather and climate,
of a species fundamental niche.
Absorptance The portion of electromagnetic radiation incident upon a leaf that
is absorbed, expressed as a percentage or decimal fraction. Absorptance (A) is
typically derived from integrating sphere measurements of reflectance (R) and
transmittance (T), where A + R + T = 1 (100%). Note that absorptance differs
both from absorbance (the log of the ratio of the transmitted to incident light)
and absorption (the process of absorbing light).
Absorption feature An absorption pattern associated with particular wavelengths
that can frequently be attributed to a particular compound that absorbs at those
wavelengths.
Abundance refers to the evenness or number of individuals per species in a community and can be calculated as absolute or relative abundance.
Accuracy A measure of distance of a measurement from the true value.
Active radar A remote sensing method that employs an antenna to send and
receive microwave frequency/wavelength pulses.
Active sensor One that emits a signal and detects the amount returned.
Adaxial The surface of a leaf facing toward the stem axis (during early development), typically the upper surface of a leaf or petiole.
Airborne platform A plane, drone (defined as an unmanned aerial system (UAS);
see below), balloon, blimp, or other flying object that carries a remote sensing
instrument.
Airborne remote sensing Remote sensing performed with sensors installed on an
airborne platform (e.g., drone, copter, or fixed-wing aircraft).
© The Author(s) 2020
J. Cavender-Bares et al. (eds.), Remote Sensing of Plant Biodiversity,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33157-3
Glossary
3-D segmentation or 3-D image segmentation object categorization A specific
case of spectral clustering applied to image segmentation.
Abaxial The surface of a leaf facing away from the stem (particularly during early
development), usually the lower surface of a leaf or petiole.
Abiotic Non-biological physical environmental variables, such as net radiation,
temperature, and precipitation.
Abiotic niche The characteristic physical attributes, such as weather and climate,
of a species fundamental niche.
Absorptance The portion of electromagnetic radiation incident upon a leaf that
is absorbed, expressed as a percentage or decimal fraction. Absorptance (A) is
typically derived from integrating sphere measurements of reflectance (R) and
transmittance (T), where A + R + T = 1 (100%). Note that absorptance differs
both from absorbance (the log of the ratio of the transmitted to incident light)
and absorption (the process of absorbing light).
Absorption feature An absorption pattern associated with particular wavelengths
that can frequently be attributed to a particular compound that absorbs at those
wavelengths.
Abundance refers to the evenness or number of individuals per species in a community and can be calculated as absolute or relative abundance.
Accuracy A measure of distance of a measurement from the true value.
Active radar A remote sensing method that employs an antenna to send and
receive microwave frequency/wavelength pulses.
Active sensor One that emits a signal and detects the amount returned.
Adaxial The surface of a leaf facing toward the stem axis (during early development), typically the upper surface of a leaf or petiole.
Airborne platform A plane, drone (defined as an unmanned aerial system (UAS);
see below), balloon, blimp, or other flying object that carries a remote sensing
instrument.
Airborne remote sensing Remote sensing performed with sensors installed on an
airborne platform (e.g., drone, copter, or fixed-wing aircraft).