81
Vane G, Goetz AFH (1988) Terrestrial imaging spectroscopy. Remote Sens Environ 24(1):1–29
van den Berg AK, Perkins TD (2005) Nondestructive estimation of anthocyanin content in autumn
sugar maple leaves. HortScience HortSci 40(3): 685-686.
Verhoef W (1984) Light scattering by leaf layers with application to canopy reflectance modeling:
the SAIL model. Remote Sens Environ 16:125–141
Verhoef W, Bach H (2007) Coupled soil-leaf-canopy and atmosphere radiative transfer modeling
to simulate hyperspectral multi-angular surface reflectance and TOA radiance data. Remote
Sens Environ 109:166–182
Verrelst J, Alonso L, Camps-Valls G, Delegido J, Moreno J (2012) Retrieval of vegetation biophysical parameters using gaussian process techniques. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens
50:1832–1843
Verrelst J, Rivera JP, Gitelson A, Delegido J, Moreno J, Camps-Valls G (2016) Spectral band selection for vegetation properties retrieval using Gaussian processes regression. Int J Appl Earth
Obs Geoinf 52:554–567
Wang J, Chen Y, Chen F, Shi T, Wu G (2018) Wavelet-based coupling of leaf and canopy reflectance spectra to improve the estimation accuracy of foliar nitrogen concentration. Agric For
Meteorol 248:306–315
Wang Z, Townsend PA, Schweiger AK, Couture JJ, Singh A, Hobbie SE, Cavender-Bares J (2019)
Mapping foliar functional traits and their uncertainties across three years in a grassland experiment. Remote Sens Environ 221:405–416
Weiss M, Baret F, Myneni RB, Pragnere A, Knyazikhin Y (2000) Investigation of a model inversion technique to estimate canopy biophysical variables from spectral and directional reflectance data. Agronomie 20:3–22
Wessman CA, Aber JD, Peterson DL (1989) An evaluation of imaging spectrometry for estimating
forest canopy chemistry. Int J Remote Sens 10:1293–1316
Wessman CA, Aber JD, Peterson DL, Melillo JM (1988) Remote-sensing of canopy chemistry and
nitrogen cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. Nature 335:154–156
Weyermann J, Kneubühler M, Schläpfer D, Schaepman ME (2015) Minimizing reflectance anisotropy effects in airborne spectroscopy data using Ross–Li model inversion with continuous field
land cover stratification. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 53:5814–5823
Widlowski J-L, Mio C, Disney M, Adams J, Andredakis I, Atzberger C, Brennan J, Busetto L,
Chelle M, Ceccherini G, Colombo R, Côté J-F, Eenmäe A, Essery R, Gastellu-Etchegorry J-P,
Gobron N, Grau E, Haverd V, Homolová L, Huang H, Hunt L, Kobayashi H, Koetz B, Kuusk
A, Kuusk J, Lang M, Lewis PE, Lovell JL, Malenovský Z, Meroni M, Morsdorf F, Mõttus M,
Ni-Meister W, Pinty B, Rautiainen M, Schlerf M, Somers B, Stuckens J, Verstraete MM, Yang
W, Zhao F, Zenone T (2015) The fourth phase of the radiative transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: actual canopy scenarios and conformity testing. Remote Sens Environ
169:418–437
Wilson KB, Baldocchi DD, Hanson PJ (2001) Leaf age affects the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and net ecosystem exchange of carbon in a deciduous forest. Plant Cell Environ
24:571–583
Wold S, Ruhe A, Wold H, Dunn WJ (1984) The collinearity problem in linear-regression – The partial least-squares (PLS) regression approach to generalized inverses. SIAM J Sci Stat Comput
5:735–743
Wold S, Sjostrom M, Eriksson L (2001) PLS-regression: a basic tool of chemometrics. Chemom
Intell Lab Syst 58:109–130
Wolter PT, Townsend PA, Sturtevant BR, Kingdon CC (2008) Remote sensing of the distribution and abundance of host species for spruce budworm in Northern Minnesota and Ontario.
Remote Sens Environ 112:3971–3982
Workman J, Weyer L (2012) Practical guide and spectral atlas for interpretive near-infrared spectroscopy. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 326. https://doi.org/10.1201/b11894
Wong CYS, Gamon JA (2015) The photochemical reflectance index provides an optical indicator
of spring photosynthetic activation in evergreen conifers. New Phytol 206:196–208
3 Scaling Functional Traits from Leaves to Canopies
Vane G, Goetz AFH (1988) Terrestrial imaging spectroscopy. Remote Sens Environ 24(1):1–29
van den Berg AK, Perkins TD (2005) Nondestructive estimation of anthocyanin content in autumn
sugar maple leaves. HortScience HortSci 40(3): 685-686.
Verhoef W (1984) Light scattering by leaf layers with application to canopy reflectance modeling:
the SAIL model. Remote Sens Environ 16:125–141
Verhoef W, Bach H (2007) Coupled soil-leaf-canopy and atmosphere radiative transfer modeling
to simulate hyperspectral multi-angular surface reflectance and TOA radiance data. Remote
Sens Environ 109:166–182
Verrelst J, Alonso L, Camps-Valls G, Delegido J, Moreno J (2012) Retrieval of vegetation biophysical parameters using gaussian process techniques. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens
50:1832–1843
Verrelst J, Rivera JP, Gitelson A, Delegido J, Moreno J, Camps-Valls G (2016) Spectral band selection for vegetation properties retrieval using Gaussian processes regression. Int J Appl Earth
Obs Geoinf 52:554–567
Wang J, Chen Y, Chen F, Shi T, Wu G (2018) Wavelet-based coupling of leaf and canopy reflectance spectra to improve the estimation accuracy of foliar nitrogen concentration. Agric For
Meteorol 248:306–315
Wang Z, Townsend PA, Schweiger AK, Couture JJ, Singh A, Hobbie SE, Cavender-Bares J (2019)
Mapping foliar functional traits and their uncertainties across three years in a grassland experiment. Remote Sens Environ 221:405–416
Weiss M, Baret F, Myneni RB, Pragnere A, Knyazikhin Y (2000) Investigation of a model inversion technique to estimate canopy biophysical variables from spectral and directional reflectance data. Agronomie 20:3–22
Wessman CA, Aber JD, Peterson DL (1989) An evaluation of imaging spectrometry for estimating
forest canopy chemistry. Int J Remote Sens 10:1293–1316
Wessman CA, Aber JD, Peterson DL, Melillo JM (1988) Remote-sensing of canopy chemistry and
nitrogen cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. Nature 335:154–156
Weyermann J, Kneubühler M, Schläpfer D, Schaepman ME (2015) Minimizing reflectance anisotropy effects in airborne spectroscopy data using Ross–Li model inversion with continuous field
land cover stratification. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 53:5814–5823
Widlowski J-L, Mio C, Disney M, Adams J, Andredakis I, Atzberger C, Brennan J, Busetto L,
Chelle M, Ceccherini G, Colombo R, Côté J-F, Eenmäe A, Essery R, Gastellu-Etchegorry J-P,
Gobron N, Grau E, Haverd V, Homolová L, Huang H, Hunt L, Kobayashi H, Koetz B, Kuusk
A, Kuusk J, Lang M, Lewis PE, Lovell JL, Malenovský Z, Meroni M, Morsdorf F, Mõttus M,
Ni-Meister W, Pinty B, Rautiainen M, Schlerf M, Somers B, Stuckens J, Verstraete MM, Yang
W, Zhao F, Zenone T (2015) The fourth phase of the radiative transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: actual canopy scenarios and conformity testing. Remote Sens Environ
169:418–437
Wilson KB, Baldocchi DD, Hanson PJ (2001) Leaf age affects the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and net ecosystem exchange of carbon in a deciduous forest. Plant Cell Environ
24:571–583
Wold S, Ruhe A, Wold H, Dunn WJ (1984) The collinearity problem in linear-regression – The partial least-squares (PLS) regression approach to generalized inverses. SIAM J Sci Stat Comput
5:735–743
Wold S, Sjostrom M, Eriksson L (2001) PLS-regression: a basic tool of chemometrics. Chemom
Intell Lab Syst 58:109–130
Wolter PT, Townsend PA, Sturtevant BR, Kingdon CC (2008) Remote sensing of the distribution and abundance of host species for spruce budworm in Northern Minnesota and Ontario.
Remote Sens Environ 112:3971–3982
Workman J, Weyer L (2012) Practical guide and spectral atlas for interpretive near-infrared spectroscopy. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 326. https://doi.org/10.1201/b11894
Wong CYS, Gamon JA (2015) The photochemical reflectance index provides an optical indicator
of spring photosynthetic activation in evergreen conifers. New Phytol 206:196–208
3 Scaling Functional Traits from Leaves to Canopies