7 Synergetic Interpretation of Patterned Vasomotion Activity …
133
either blood displacement rate or blood content) the so-called flux motions obtained
by the majority of users of Laser-Doppler equipment in the realm of the skin in
awake human subjects most likely have nothing in common with “myogenic vasomotion” but most likely represents consequences of clearly separable neuronally caused
events. Since the combined neurographic and rPPG and/or LDA investigations, we
know that rapidly accelerating and slowly decelerating episodes are associated with
bouts of actions potentials and the pauses between them. They represent a scenario
called “relaxation oscillations” (or the effect of “kicked oscillators”) leading to limit
cycle dynamics which have nothing in common with the well-studied spontaneous
fluctuations in arteriolar tone seen in experimental animals under anaesthesia.
Each individual limit cycle episode, in turn, is reflecting topologically and physiologically analogous acceleratory phases which are totally independent from “physiologically analogous” deceleratory phases. Therefore, the limit cycle patterns are
bound to be influenced by additional “attractors”, including either boosting or
suppressing effects of respiration. Note that even variably operational “muscle
pumps” exert influences on the blood content of the skin: this is a fact put to practical use by Blazek’s tests of venous competence. It is difficult to underestimate the
significance of these concepts regarding our comprehension of the “control” of the
microcirculation in awake human subjects. In having rigorously applied the concepts
of synergetics, and here especially the concept of temporal binding on the one hand,
and of phase synchronisation on the other, a conclusion refuting the widely held
conviction concerning the role of “myogenic vasomotion” as prime control agency
for cutaneous microcirculation is being refuted.
As further “fine-graining” in the portraying of the temporalities of periodically
varying movement patterns has now become possible, more subtle display of rhythmically varying influences onto the ensemble of vascular smooth muscles, onto the
cardiac muscle as a “load dependent pump” and, of course, of those exerted by
rhythmically modulated neurodynamic drive and inhibition by the two parts of the
autonomous nervous system (v.i.) has become easily detectable. Since the vagal part
of the autonomous nervous system is only represented in the cardiac activity, fluctuating parasympathetic activity is a priori felt in the respiratory arrythmia of the heart.
Since, however, there can be coherency between the vagally exerted influence upon
the instantaneous cardiac 1/f activity and the respiration-related increase in venous
return and thence cardiac filling: for this reason, respiration-related activities can be
exerted onto blood content and/or blood cell movement in the ca 0.25 Hz–0.3 Hz band
activity. The results reviewed in this lecture have clearly shown that we are now in
command of clearly identifiable criteria allowing “differential diagnosis” of certain
clearly identifiable, mostly transiently dominating “attractors” as sources of comprehension in a system not amenable for direct inspection. For example, since we can
identify the general states (either clearly diagnosable neuropathy or thermal interruption of natural neuronal activity), we can reproduce at will (by warm ambient temperature) the very situation under which myogenic vasomotor activity emerges: then,
there conductance alterations include sinusoidally modulated myogenic vasomotion most readily operational under the influence of tension-induced smooth muscle
133
either blood displacement rate or blood content) the so-called flux motions obtained
by the majority of users of Laser-Doppler equipment in the realm of the skin in
awake human subjects most likely have nothing in common with “myogenic vasomotion” but most likely represents consequences of clearly separable neuronally caused
events. Since the combined neurographic and rPPG and/or LDA investigations, we
know that rapidly accelerating and slowly decelerating episodes are associated with
bouts of actions potentials and the pauses between them. They represent a scenario
called “relaxation oscillations” (or the effect of “kicked oscillators”) leading to limit
cycle dynamics which have nothing in common with the well-studied spontaneous
fluctuations in arteriolar tone seen in experimental animals under anaesthesia.
Each individual limit cycle episode, in turn, is reflecting topologically and physiologically analogous acceleratory phases which are totally independent from “physiologically analogous” deceleratory phases. Therefore, the limit cycle patterns are
bound to be influenced by additional “attractors”, including either boosting or
suppressing effects of respiration. Note that even variably operational “muscle
pumps” exert influences on the blood content of the skin: this is a fact put to practical use by Blazek’s tests of venous competence. It is difficult to underestimate the
significance of these concepts regarding our comprehension of the “control” of the
microcirculation in awake human subjects. In having rigorously applied the concepts
of synergetics, and here especially the concept of temporal binding on the one hand,
and of phase synchronisation on the other, a conclusion refuting the widely held
conviction concerning the role of “myogenic vasomotion” as prime control agency
for cutaneous microcirculation is being refuted.
As further “fine-graining” in the portraying of the temporalities of periodically
varying movement patterns has now become possible, more subtle display of rhythmically varying influences onto the ensemble of vascular smooth muscles, onto the
cardiac muscle as a “load dependent pump” and, of course, of those exerted by
rhythmically modulated neurodynamic drive and inhibition by the two parts of the
autonomous nervous system (v.i.) has become easily detectable. Since the vagal part
of the autonomous nervous system is only represented in the cardiac activity, fluctuating parasympathetic activity is a priori felt in the respiratory arrythmia of the heart.
Since, however, there can be coherency between the vagally exerted influence upon
the instantaneous cardiac 1/f activity and the respiration-related increase in venous
return and thence cardiac filling: for this reason, respiration-related activities can be
exerted onto blood content and/or blood cell movement in the ca 0.25 Hz–0.3 Hz band
activity. The results reviewed in this lecture have clearly shown that we are now in
command of clearly identifiable criteria allowing “differential diagnosis” of certain
clearly identifiable, mostly transiently dominating “attractors” as sources of comprehension in a system not amenable for direct inspection. For example, since we can
identify the general states (either clearly diagnosable neuropathy or thermal interruption of natural neuronal activity), we can reproduce at will (by warm ambient temperature) the very situation under which myogenic vasomotor activity emerges: then,
there conductance alterations include sinusoidally modulated myogenic vasomotion most readily operational under the influence of tension-induced smooth muscle