Finlay BJ, Fenchel T (1986) Photosensivity in the ciliated protozoon Loxodes: pigment granules,
absorption and action spectra, blue light perception, and ecological significance. J Protozool
33:534–542
Finlay B, Fenchel T, Gardener S (1986) Oxygen perception and O 2 toxicity in the freshwater
ciliated protozoon Loxodes. J Eukaryot Microbiol 33:157–165
Fontana DR, Poff KL (1984) Effect of stimulus strength and adaptation on the thermotactic
response of Dictyostelium discoideum pseudoplasmodia. Exp Cell Res 150:250–257
Fraenkel GS, Gunn DL (1961) The orientation of animals (Kineses, taxes and compass reactions).
Dover Publication Inc., New York
Friml J, Wiśniewska J, Benková E, Mendgen K, Palme K (2002) Lateral relocation of auxin efflux
regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. Nature 415:806–809
Häder D-P (1991) Strategy of orientation in flagellates. In: Riklis E (ed) Photobiology. The science
and its applications. Plenum Press, New York, pp 497–510
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R (1997) Graviperception and graviorientation in flagellates. Planta
203:7–10
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R (2017) Gravitaxis in Euglena. In: Schwartzbach S, Shigeoka S (eds)
Euglena: biochemistry, cell and molecular biology. Springer, Cham, pp 237–266
Häder D-P, Iseki M (2017) Photomovement in Euglena. In: Schwartzbach S, Shigeoka S (eds)
Euglena: biochemistry, cell and molecular biology. Springer, Cham, pp 207–235
Häder D-P, Rosum A, Schäfer J, Hemmersbach R (1995) Gravitaxis in the flagellate Euglena
gracilis is controlled by an active gravireceptor. J Plant Physiol 146:474–480
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R, Lebert M (2005) Gravity and the behavior of unicellular organisms.
Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
Häder D-P, Braun M, Grimm D, Hemmersbach R (2017) Gravireceptors in eukaryotes – a
comparison of case studies on the cellular level. npj Microgravity 3:13
Hamant O (2013) Widespread mechanosensing controls the structure behind the architecture in
plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol 16:654–660
Hawking SW (2006) The theory of everything: the origin and fate of the Universe. Phoenix Books,
Special Anniv
Hemmersbach R, Häder D-P (1999) Graviresponses of certain ciliates and flagellates. FASEB J 13:
S69–S75
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Briegleb W, Rieder N, Häder D-P (1996) Influence of accelerations on the spatial orientation of Loxodes and Paramecium. J Biotechnol 47:271–278
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Häder D-P (1990) Negative gravitaxis (geotaxis) of Paramecium –
demonstrated by image analysis. Appl Micrograv Technol 4:221–223
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P (1991a) Dependence of gravitaxis in Paramecium
on oxygen. Eur J Protistol 27:278–282
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P, Plattner H (1991b) Gravity effects on Paramecium cells: an analysis of a possible sensory function of trichocysts and of simulated weightlessness of trichocyst exocytosis. Eur J Protistol 27:85–92
Isnard S, Silk WK (2009) Moving with climbing plants from Charles Darwin’s time into the 21st
century. Am J Bot 96:1205–1221
Kamykowski D, Zentara SJ (1977) The diurnal vertical migration of motile phytoplankton through
temperature gradients. Limnol Oceanogr 22:148–151
Kang BG (1979) Epinasty. In: Haupt W, Feinleib ME (eds) Physiology of movements. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. N.S. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 647–667
Kim D (2013) Control of Tetrahymena pyriformis as a microrobot. PhD thesis, Drexel University
Kiss JZ, Mullen JL, Correll MJ, Hangarter RP (2003) Phytochromes A and B mediate red-lightinduced positive phototropism in roots. Plant Physiol 131:1411–1417
Kohn F, Hauslage J, Hanke W (2017) Membrane fluidity changes, a basic mechanism of interaction
of gravity with cells? Microgravity Sci Technol 29:337–342
Konings H (1995) Gravitropism of roots: an evaluation of progress during the last three decades.
Acta Botanica Neerlandica 44:195–223
References
9
absorption and action spectra, blue light perception, and ecological significance. J Protozool
33:534–542
Finlay B, Fenchel T, Gardener S (1986) Oxygen perception and O 2 toxicity in the freshwater
ciliated protozoon Loxodes. J Eukaryot Microbiol 33:157–165
Fontana DR, Poff KL (1984) Effect of stimulus strength and adaptation on the thermotactic
response of Dictyostelium discoideum pseudoplasmodia. Exp Cell Res 150:250–257
Fraenkel GS, Gunn DL (1961) The orientation of animals (Kineses, taxes and compass reactions).
Dover Publication Inc., New York
Friml J, Wiśniewska J, Benková E, Mendgen K, Palme K (2002) Lateral relocation of auxin efflux
regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. Nature 415:806–809
Häder D-P (1991) Strategy of orientation in flagellates. In: Riklis E (ed) Photobiology. The science
and its applications. Plenum Press, New York, pp 497–510
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R (1997) Graviperception and graviorientation in flagellates. Planta
203:7–10
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R (2017) Gravitaxis in Euglena. In: Schwartzbach S, Shigeoka S (eds)
Euglena: biochemistry, cell and molecular biology. Springer, Cham, pp 237–266
Häder D-P, Iseki M (2017) Photomovement in Euglena. In: Schwartzbach S, Shigeoka S (eds)
Euglena: biochemistry, cell and molecular biology. Springer, Cham, pp 207–235
Häder D-P, Rosum A, Schäfer J, Hemmersbach R (1995) Gravitaxis in the flagellate Euglena
gracilis is controlled by an active gravireceptor. J Plant Physiol 146:474–480
Häder D-P, Hemmersbach R, Lebert M (2005) Gravity and the behavior of unicellular organisms.
Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge
Häder D-P, Braun M, Grimm D, Hemmersbach R (2017) Gravireceptors in eukaryotes – a
comparison of case studies on the cellular level. npj Microgravity 3:13
Hamant O (2013) Widespread mechanosensing controls the structure behind the architecture in
plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol 16:654–660
Hawking SW (2006) The theory of everything: the origin and fate of the Universe. Phoenix Books,
Special Anniv
Hemmersbach R, Häder D-P (1999) Graviresponses of certain ciliates and flagellates. FASEB J 13:
S69–S75
Hemmersbach R, Voormanns R, Briegleb W, Rieder N, Häder D-P (1996) Influence of accelerations on the spatial orientation of Loxodes and Paramecium. J Biotechnol 47:271–278
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Häder D-P (1990) Negative gravitaxis (geotaxis) of Paramecium –
demonstrated by image analysis. Appl Micrograv Technol 4:221–223
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P (1991a) Dependence of gravitaxis in Paramecium
on oxygen. Eur J Protistol 27:278–282
Hemmersbach-Krause R, Briegleb W, Häder D-P, Plattner H (1991b) Gravity effects on Paramecium cells: an analysis of a possible sensory function of trichocysts and of simulated weightlessness of trichocyst exocytosis. Eur J Protistol 27:85–92
Isnard S, Silk WK (2009) Moving with climbing plants from Charles Darwin’s time into the 21st
century. Am J Bot 96:1205–1221
Kamykowski D, Zentara SJ (1977) The diurnal vertical migration of motile phytoplankton through
temperature gradients. Limnol Oceanogr 22:148–151
Kang BG (1979) Epinasty. In: Haupt W, Feinleib ME (eds) Physiology of movements. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. N.S. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 647–667
Kim D (2013) Control of Tetrahymena pyriformis as a microrobot. PhD thesis, Drexel University
Kiss JZ, Mullen JL, Correll MJ, Hangarter RP (2003) Phytochromes A and B mediate red-lightinduced positive phototropism in roots. Plant Physiol 131:1411–1417
Kohn F, Hauslage J, Hanke W (2017) Membrane fluidity changes, a basic mechanism of interaction
of gravity with cells? Microgravity Sci Technol 29:337–342
Konings H (1995) Gravitropism of roots: an evaluation of progress during the last three decades.
Acta Botanica Neerlandica 44:195–223
References
9